κράμβος

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

The word has been compared with Old High German (h)rimfan (“to wrinkle, curb”). However, Furnée compares κραῦρος (kraûros, “fragile, frail”), assuming it is a form without prenasalization and with "υ" for "β". He also adduces κόμβος (kómbos, “ball, swlling; dry, parched”) and perhaps κράβυζος (krábuzos, “kind of shellfish”). Therefore the word is from Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /krám.bos/ → /ˈkram.bos/ → /ˈkram.bos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /krám.bos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/

Adjective

κράμβος • (krámbos) m (feminine κράμβη, neuter κράμβον); first/second declension

1. dry
2. loud, ringing (of sound)

Inflection

First and second declension of κρᾰ́μβος; κρᾰ́μβη; κρᾰ́μβον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κρᾰ́μβος krắmbos	κρᾰ́μβη krắmbē	κρᾰ́μβον krắmbon		κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krắmbā	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō		κρᾰ́μβοι krắmboi	κρᾰ́μβαι krắmbai	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krắmbă
Genitive		κρᾰ́μβου krắmbou	κρᾰ́μβης krắmbēs	κρᾰ́μβου krắmbou		κρᾰ́μβοιν krắmboin	κρᾰ́μβαιν krắmbain	κρᾰ́μβοιν krắmboin		κρᾰ́μβων krắmbōn	κρᾰ́μβων krắmbōn	κρᾰ́μβων krắmbōn
Dative		κρᾰ́μβῳ krắmbōi	κρᾰ́μβῃ krắmbēi	κρᾰ́μβῳ krắmbōi		κρᾰ́μβοιν krắmboin	κρᾰ́μβαιν krắmbain	κρᾰ́μβοιν krắmboin		κρᾰ́μβοις krắmbois	κρᾰ́μβαις krắmbais	κρᾰ́μβοις krắmbois
Accusative		κρᾰ́μβον krắmbon	κρᾰ́μβην krắmbēn	κρᾰ́μβον krắmbon		κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krắmbā	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō		κρᾰ́μβους krắmbous	κρᾰ́μβᾱς krắmbās	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krắmbă
Vocative		κρᾰ́μβε krắmbe	κρᾰ́μβη krắmbē	κρᾰ́μβον krắmbon		κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krắmbā	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō		κρᾰ́μβοι krắmboi	κρᾰ́μβαι krắmbai	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krắmbă
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κρᾰ́μβως krắmbōs				κρᾰμβότερος krămbóteros				κρᾰμβότᾰτος krămbótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κραμβαλέος (krambaléos)
• κραμβαλίζω (krambalízō)

Etymology 2

From the adjective.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /krám.bos/ → /ˈkram.bos/ → /ˈkram.bos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /krám.bos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/

Noun

κράμβος • (krámbos) m (genitive κράμβου); second declension

1. blight in grapes, when they shrivel before they are ripe

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κρᾰ́μβος; τοῦ κρᾰ́μβου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κρᾰ́μβος ho krắmbos	τὼ κρᾰ́μβω tṑ krắmbō	οἱ κρᾰ́μβοι hoi krắmboi
Genitive	τοῦ κρᾰ́μβου toû krắmbou	τοῖν κρᾰ́μβοιν toîn krắmboin	τῶν κρᾰ́μβων tôn krắmbōn
Dative	τῷ κρᾰ́μβῳ tôi krắmbōi	τοῖν κρᾰ́μβοιν toîn krắmboin	τοῖς κρᾰ́μβοις toîs krắmbois
Accusative	τὸν κρᾰ́μβον tòn krắmbon	τὼ κρᾰ́μβω tṑ krắmbō	τοὺς κρᾰ́μβους toùs krắmbous
Vocative	κρᾰ́μβε krắmbe	κρᾰ́μβω krắmbō	κρᾰ́μβοι krắmboi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• “κράμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κράμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• κράμβος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN