κράμβος

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

The word has been compared with Old High German (h)rimfan (“to wrinkle, curb”). However, Furnée compares κραῦρος (kraûros, “fragile, frail”), assuming it is a form without prenasalization and with "υ" for "β". He also adduces κόμβος (kómbos, “ball, swlling; dry, parched”) and perhaps κράβυζος (krábuzos, “kind of shellfish”). Therefore the word is from Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /krám.bos/ → /ˈkram.bos/ → /ˈkram.bos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /krám.bos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/

Adjective

κράμβος • (krámbos) m (feminine κράμβη, neuter κράμβον); first/second declension

1. dry
2. loud, ringing (of sound)

Inflection

First and second declension of κρᾰ́μβος; κρᾰ́μβη; κρᾰ́μβον (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κρᾰ́μβος krámbos	κρᾰ́μβη krámbē	κρᾰ́μβον krámbon		κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krámbā	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō		κρᾰ́μβοι krámboi	κρᾰ́μβαι krámbai	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krámba
Genitive		κρᾰ́μβου krámbou	κρᾰ́μβης krámbēs	κρᾰ́μβου krámbou		κρᾰ́μβοιν krámboin	κρᾰ́μβαιν krámbain	κρᾰ́μβοιν krámboin		κρᾰ́μβων krámbōn	κρᾰ́μβων krámbōn	κρᾰ́μβων krámbōn
Dative		κρᾰ́μβῳ krámbōi	κρᾰ́μβῃ krámbēi	κρᾰ́μβῳ krámbōi		κρᾰ́μβοιν krámboin	κρᾰ́μβαιν krámbain	κρᾰ́μβοιν krámboin		κρᾰ́μβοις krámbois	κρᾰ́μβαις krámbais	κρᾰ́μβοις krámbois
Accusative		κρᾰ́μβον krámbon	κρᾰ́μβην krámbēn	κρᾰ́μβον krámbon		κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krámbā	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō		κρᾰ́μβους krámbous	κρᾰ́μβᾱς krámbās	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krámba
Vocative		κρᾰ́μβε krámbe	κρᾰ́μβη krámbē	κρᾰ́μβον krámbon		κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβᾱ krámbā	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō		κρᾰ́μβοι krámboi	κρᾰ́μβαι krámbai	κρᾰ́μβᾰ krámba
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κρᾰ́μβως krámbōs				κρᾰμβότερος krambóteros				κρᾰμβότᾰτος krambótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κραμβαλέος (krambaléos)
• κραμβαλίζω (krambalízō)

 

Etymology 2

From the adjective.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /krám.bos/ → /ˈkram.bos/ → /ˈkram.bos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /krám.bos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkram.bos/

Noun

κράμβος • (krámbos) m (genitive κράμβου); second declension

1. blight in grapes, when they shrivel before they are ripe

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κρᾰ́μβος; τοῦ κρᾰ́μβου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κρᾰ́μβος ho krámbos	τὼ κρᾰ́μβω tṑ krámbō	οἱ κρᾰ́μβοι hoi krámboi
Genitive	τοῦ κρᾰ́μβου toû krámbou	τοῖν κρᾰ́μβοιν toîn krámboin	τῶν κρᾰ́μβων tôn krámbōn
Dative	τῷ κρᾰ́μβῳ tôi krámbōi	τοῖν κρᾰ́μβοιν toîn krámboin	τοῖς κρᾰ́μβοις toîs krámbois
Accusative	τὸν κρᾰ́μβον tòn krámbon	τὼ κρᾰ́μβω tṑ krámbō	τοὺς κρᾰ́μβους toùs krámbous
Vocative	κρᾰ́μβε krámbe	κρᾰ́μβω krámbō	κρᾰ́μβοι krámboi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• “κράμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κράμβος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• κράμβος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN