καλός κἀγαθός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Shortened by crasis from the classical Platonic philosophical phrase καλός καί ἀγαθός (kalós kaí agathós, “beautiful and good”), formed from καλός (kalós, “beautiful”) +‎ καί (kaí, “and”) +‎ ἀγαθός (agathós, “good”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ka.lós kaː.ɡa.tʰós/ → /kaˈlos ka.ɣaˈθos/ → /kaˈlos ka.ɣaˈθos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.lós kaː.ɡa.tʰós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kaˈlos ka.ɡaˈtʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kaˈlos ka.ɣaˈθos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kaˈlos ka.ɣaˈθos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kaˈlos ka.ɣaˈθos/

Phrase

κᾰλός κᾱ̓γᾰθός • (kălós kāgăthós) m (genitive κᾰλοῦ κᾱ̓γᾰθοῦ); second declension (idiomatic, philosophy)

1. imbued with kalokagathia; beautiful and good, handsome and brave; noble, virtuous, knightly, gentlemanly, chivalrous, honorable, heroic; possessing the attributes of a man harmonious in mind and body, strong in both spiritual and physical virtue

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κᾰλός κᾱ̓γᾰθός; τοῦ κᾰλοῦ κᾱ̓γᾰθοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κᾰλός κᾱ̓γᾰθός ho kălós kāgăthós	τὼ κᾰλώ κᾱ̓γᾰθώ tṑ kălṓ kāgăthṓ	οἱ κᾰλοί κᾱ̓γᾰθοί hoi kăloí kāgăthoí
Genitive	τοῦ κᾰλοῦ κᾱ̓γᾰθοῦ toû kăloû kāgăthoû	τοῖν κᾰλοῖν κᾱ̓γᾰθοῖν toîn kăloîn kāgăthoîn	τῶν κᾰλῶν κᾱ̓γᾰθῶν tôn kălôn kāgăthôn
Dative	τῷ κᾰλῷ κᾱ̓γᾰθῷ tôi kălôi kāgăthôi	τοῖν κᾰλοῖν κᾱ̓γᾰθοῖν toîn kăloîn kāgăthoîn	τοῖς κᾰλοῖς κᾱ̓γᾰθοῖς toîs kăloîs kāgăthoîs
Accusative	τὸν κᾰλόν κᾱ̓γᾰθόν tòn kălón kāgăthón	τὼ κᾰλώ κᾱ̓γᾰθώ tṑ kălṓ kāgăthṓ	τοὺς κᾰλούς κᾱ̓γᾰθούς toùs kăloús kāgăthoús
Vocative	κᾰλέ κᾱ̓γᾰθέ kălé kāgăthé	κᾰλώ κᾱ̓γᾰθώ kălṓ kāgăthṓ	κᾰλοί κᾱ̓γᾰθοί kăloí kāgăthoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κᾰλοκᾱ̓γᾰθίᾱ (kălokāgăthíā)
• κᾰλοκᾱ̓́γᾰθος (kălokā́găthos, “gentleman”)

See also

• mens sana in corpore sano (“healthy mind in a healthy body”)