καιάδας

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• καιᾰ́τᾱς (kaiátās)

Etymology

The connection with Sanskrit केवट (kevaṭa, “pit, hollow”) must be rejected, and we cannot reconstruct Proto-Indo-European *kaiyr-t. The word καιετός (kaietós, “fissure produced by an earthquake”) may be a reshaping after ὀχετός (okhetós). According to Beekes, it is clearly a Pre-Greek word.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kai̯.á.daːs/ → /cɛˈa.ðas/ → /ceˈa.ðas/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kai̯.á.daːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kɛˈa.das/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /cɛˈa.ðas/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ceˈa.ðas/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ceˈa.ðas/

Noun

καιᾰ́δᾱς • (kaiádās) m (genitive καιᾰ́δου); first declension

1. (at Sparta) pit or underground cavern, into which state-prisoners or their corpses were thrown

Inflection

First declension of ὁ καιᾰ́δᾱς; τοῦ καιᾰ́δου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ καιᾰ́δᾱς ho kaiádās	τὼ καιᾰ́δᾱ tṑ kaiádā	οἱ καιᾰ́δαι hoi kaiádai
Genitive	τοῦ καιᾰ́δου toû kaiádou	τοῖν καιᾰ́δαιν toîn kaiádain	τῶν καιᾰδῶν tôn kaiadôn
Dative	τῷ καιᾰ́δᾳ tôi kaiádāi	τοῖν καιᾰ́δαιν toîn kaiádain	τοῖς καιᾰ́δαις toîs kaiádais
Accusative	τὸν καιᾰ́δᾱν tòn kaiádān	τὼ καιᾰ́δᾱ tṑ kaiádā	τοὺς καιᾰ́δᾱς toùs kaiádās
Vocative	καιᾰ́δᾱ kaiádā	καιᾰ́δᾱ kaiádā	καιᾰ́δαι kaiádai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “καιάδας”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “καιάδας”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• καιάδας in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN