καθεύδω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κατεύδω (kateúdō) — Lesbian

Etymology

From κατα- (kata-, “down”) +‎ εὕδω (heúdō, “to sleep”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ka.tʰěu̯.dɔː/ → /kaˈθeβ.ðo/ → /kaˈθev.ðo/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.tʰěu̯.dɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kaˈtʰew.do/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kaˈθeβ.ðo/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kaˈθev.ðo/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kaˈθev.ðo/

Verb

καθεύδω • (katheúdō)

1. to lie down to sleep, sleep
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.611
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 3.402
   • 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 471
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 71C
   • 150—50 BC, Bion, Collected Works 1.71
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 881
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 251E
   • Bato, Collected Works 4
   • 408 BCE – 334 BCE, Antiphanes Comicus, Collected Works 187.6
   • 400 BCE – 300 BCE, Timocles, Collected Works 16.2
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.313
   • 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 219D
   • 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 45
   • 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 1431
   • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 72B
2. (figuratively) to lie asleep, lie idle
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1357
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 5.1.20
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.3.11
   • 343 BCE, Demosthenes, On the False Embassy 303
   • 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 404A
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1157B.8
   • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pompey 15
   1. (of things) to sleep, lie still, be at rest
      • 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 634
      • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 778D
      • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Agesilaus 30

Inflection

   Present: κᾰθεύδω, κᾰθεύδομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κᾰθεύδω	κᾰθεύδεις	κᾰθεύδει	κᾰθεύδετον	κᾰθεύδετον	κᾰθεύδομεν	κᾰθεύδετε	κᾰθεύδουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	κᾰθεύδω	κᾰθεύδῃς	κᾰθεύδῃ	κᾰθεύδητον	κᾰθεύδητον	κᾰθεύδωμεν	κᾰθεύδητε	κᾰθεύδωσῐ(ν)
	optative	κᾰθεύδοιμῐ	κᾰθεύδοις	κᾰθεύδοι	κᾰθεύδοιτον	κᾰθευδοίτην	κᾰθεύδοιμεν	κᾰθεύδοιτε	κᾰθεύδοιεν
	imperative		κᾰ́θευδε	κᾰθευδέτω	κᾰθεύδετον	κᾰθευδέτων		κᾰθεύδετε	κᾰθευδόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	κᾰθεύδομαι	κᾰθεύδῃ, κᾰθεύδει	κᾰθεύδεται	κᾰθεύδεσθον	κᾰθεύδεσθον	κᾰθευδόμεθᾰ	κᾰθεύδεσθε	κᾰθεύδονται
	subjunctive	κᾰθεύδωμαι	κᾰθεύδῃ	κᾰθεύδηται	κᾰθεύδησθον	κᾰθεύδησθον	κᾰθευδώμεθᾰ	κᾰθεύδησθε	κᾰθεύδωνται
	optative	κᾰθευδοίμην	κᾰθεύδοιο	κᾰθεύδοιτο	κᾰθεύδοισθον	κᾰθευδοίσθην	κᾰθευδοίμεθᾰ	κᾰθεύδοισθε	κᾰθεύδοιντο
	imperative		κᾰθεύδου	κᾰθευδέσθω	κᾰθεύδεσθον	κᾰθευδέσθων		κᾰθεύδεσθε	κᾰθευδέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		κᾰθεύδειν				κᾰθεύδεσθαι
participle	m	κᾰθεύδων				κᾰθευδόμενος
	f	κᾰθεύδουσᾰ				κᾰθευδομένη
	n	κᾰθεῦδον				κᾰθευδόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἐκᾰ́θευδον, ἐκᾰθευδόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐκᾰ́θευδον	ἐκᾰ́θευδες	ἐκᾰ́θευδε(ν)	ἐκᾰθεύδετον	ἐκᾰθευδέτην	ἐκᾰθεύδομεν	ἐκᾰθεύδετε	ἐκᾰ́θευδον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐκᾰθευδόμην	ἐκᾰθεύδου	ἐκᾰθεύδετο	ἐκᾰθεύδεσθον	ἐκᾰθευδέσθην	ἐκᾰθευδόμεθᾰ	ἐκᾰθεύδεσθε	ἐκᾰθεύδοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: κᾰθεῦδον, κᾰθευδόμην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κᾰθεῦδον	κᾰθεῦδες	κᾰθεῦδε(ν)	κᾰθεύδετον	κᾰθευδέτην	κᾰθεύδομεν	κᾰθεύδετε	κᾰθεῦδον
middle/ passive	indicative	κᾰθευδόμην	κᾰθεύδου	κᾰθεύδετο	κᾰθεύδεσθον	κᾰθευδέσθην	κᾰθευδόμε(σ)θᾰ	κᾰθεύδεσθε	κᾰθεύδοντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: κᾰθηῦδον, κᾰθηυδόμην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κᾰθηῦδον	κᾰθηῦδες	κᾰθηῦδε(ν)	κᾰθηύδετον	κᾰθηυδέτην	κᾰθηύδομεν	κᾰθηύδετε	κᾰθηῦδον
middle/ passive	indicative	κᾰθηυδόμην	κᾰθηύδου	κᾰθηύδετο	κᾰθηύδεσθον	κᾰθηυδέσθην	κᾰθηυδόμε(σ)θᾰ	κᾰθηύδεσθε	κᾰθηύδοντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: κᾰθευδήσω, κᾰθευδήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κᾰθευδήσω	κᾰθευδήσεις	κᾰθευδήσει	κᾰθευδήσετον	κᾰθευδήσετον	κᾰθευδήσομεν	κᾰθευδήσετε	κᾰθευδήσουσῐ(ν)
	optative	κᾰθευδήσοιμῐ	κᾰθευδήσοις	κᾰθευδήσοι	κᾰθευδήσοιτον	κᾰθευδησοίτην	κᾰθευδήσοιμεν	κᾰθευδήσοιτε	κᾰθευδήσοιεν
middle	indicative	κᾰθευδήσομαι	κᾰθευδήσῃ, κᾰθευδήσει	κᾰθευδήσεται	κᾰθευδήσεσθον	κᾰθευδήσεσθον	κᾰθευδησόμεθᾰ	κᾰθευδήσεσθε	κᾰθευδήσονται
	optative	κᾰθευδησοίμην	κᾰθευδήσοιο	κᾰθευδήσοιτο	κᾰθευδήσοισθον	κᾰθευδησοίσθην	κᾰθευδησοίμεθᾰ	κᾰθευδήσοισθε	κᾰθευδήσοιντο
		active			middle
infinitive		κᾰθευδήσειν			κᾰθευδήσεσθαι
participle	m	κᾰθευδήσων			κᾰθευδησόμενος
	f	κᾰθευδήσουσᾰ			κᾰθευδησομένη
	n	κᾰθευδῆσον			κᾰθευδησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἐκᾰθεύδησᾰ, ἐκᾰθευδησᾰ́μην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐκᾰθεύδησᾰ	ἐκᾰθεύδησᾰς	ἐκᾰθεύδησε(ν)	ἐκᾰθευδήσᾰτον	ἐκᾰθευδησᾰ́την	ἐκᾰθευδήσᾰμεν	ἐκᾰθευδήσᾰτε	ἐκᾰθεύδησᾰν
	subjunctive	κᾰθευδήσω	κᾰθευδήσῃς	κᾰθευδήσῃ	κᾰθευδήσητον	κᾰθευδήσητον	κᾰθευδήσωμεν	κᾰθευδήσητε	κᾰθευδήσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	κᾰθευδήσαιμῐ	κᾰθευδήσειᾰς, κᾰθευδήσαις	κᾰθευδήσειε(ν), κᾰθευδήσαι	κᾰθευδήσαιτον	κᾰθευδησαίτην	κᾰθευδήσαιμεν	κᾰθευδήσαιτε	κᾰθευδήσειᾰν, κᾰθευδήσαιεν
	imperative		κᾰθεύδησον	κᾰθευδησᾰ́τω	κᾰθευδήσᾰτον	κᾰθευδησᾰ́των		κᾰθευδήσᾰτε	κᾰθευδησᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἐκᾰθευδησᾰ́μην	ἐκᾰθευδήσω	ἐκᾰθευδήσᾰτο	ἐκᾰθευδήσᾰσθον	ἐκᾰθευδησᾰ́σθην	ἐκᾰθευδησᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐκᾰθευδήσᾰσθε	ἐκᾰθευδήσᾰντο
	subjunctive	κᾰθευδήσωμαι	κᾰθευδήσῃ	κᾰθευδήσηται	κᾰθευδήσησθον	κᾰθευδήσησθον	κᾰθευδησώμεθᾰ	κᾰθευδήσησθε	κᾰθευδήσωνται
	optative	κᾰθευδησαίμην	κᾰθευδήσαιο	κᾰθευδήσαιτο	κᾰθευδήσαισθον	κᾰθευδησαίσθην	κᾰθευδησαίμεθᾰ	κᾰθευδήσαισθε	κᾰθευδήσαιντο
	imperative		κᾰθεύδησαι	κᾰθευδησᾰ́σθω	κᾰθευδήσᾰσθον	κᾰθευδησᾰ́σθων		κᾰθευδήσᾰσθε	κᾰθευδησᾰ́σθων
		active			middle
infinitive		κᾰθευδῆσαι			κᾰθευδήσᾰσθαι
participle	m	κᾰθευδήσᾱς			κᾰθευδησᾰ́μενος
	f	κᾰθευδήσᾱσᾰ			κᾰθευδησᾰμένη
	n	κᾰθευδῆσᾰν			κᾰθευδησᾰ́μενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Perfect: κᾰθεύδηκᾰ

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κᾰθεύδηκᾰ	κᾰθεύδηκᾰς	κᾰθεύδηκε(ν)	κᾰθευδήκᾰτον	κᾰθευδήκᾰτον	κᾰθευδήκᾰμεν	κᾰθευδήκᾰτε	κᾰθευδήκᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	κᾰθευδήκω	κᾰθευδήκῃς	κᾰθευδήκῃ	κᾰθευδήκητον	κᾰθευδήκητον	κᾰθευδήκωμεν	κᾰθευδήκητε	κᾰθευδήκωσῐ(ν)
	optative	κᾰθευδήκοιμῐ, κᾰθευδηκοίην	κᾰθευδήκοις, κᾰθευδηκοίης	κᾰθευδήκοι, κᾰθευδηκοίη	κᾰθευδήκοιτον	κᾰθευδηκοίτην	κᾰθευδήκοιμεν	κᾰθευδήκοιτε	κᾰθευδήκοιεν
	imperative		κᾰθεύδηκε	κᾰθευδηκέτω	κᾰθευδήκετον	κᾰθευδηκέτων		κᾰθευδήκετε	κᾰθευδηκόντων
		active
infinitive		κᾰθευδηκέναι
participle	m	κᾰθευδηκώς
	f	κᾰθευδηκυῖᾰ
	n	κᾰθευδηκός
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

• “καθεύδω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “καθεύδω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “καθεύδω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• καθεύδω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• καθεύδω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• G2518 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible