κάρβανος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• καρβάν (karbán)

Etymology

Unknown. According to Kretschmer, it is from the toponym Qarbana in Egypt, whence the captive Danaans escaped to the Peloponnese. According to Hommel, this word is identical to κορβᾶν (korbân, “sacrificial gift”), which became an epithet for Phoenician merchants, but this is hardly convincing. Perhaps there is a relation with the name of the east wind in Cyrene, Κάρβας (Kárbas). According to Neumann, it is from Hittite [script needed] (kureṷana, “foreign state that is not a vassal”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kár.baː.nos/ → /ˈkar.βa.nos/ → /ˈkar.va.nos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kár.baː.nos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.ba.nos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.βa.nos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.va.nos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkar.va.nos/

Adjective

κᾰ́ρβᾱνος • (kắrbānos) m or f (neuter κᾰ́ρβᾱνον); second declension

1. outlandish, foreign

   Synonym: βᾰ́ρβᾰρος (bắrbăros)

Inflection

Second declension of κᾰ́ρβᾱνος; κᾰ́ρβᾱνον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κᾰ́ρβᾱνος kắrbānos	κᾰ́ρβᾱνον kắrbānon		κᾰρβᾱ́νω kărbā́nō	κᾰρβᾱ́νω kărbā́nō		κᾰ́ρβᾱνοι kắrbānoi	κᾰ́ρβᾱνᾰ kắrbānă
Genitive		κᾰρβᾱ́νου kărbā́nou	κᾰρβᾱ́νου kărbā́nou		κᾰρβᾱ́νοιν kărbā́noin	κᾰρβᾱ́νοιν kărbā́noin		κᾰρβᾱ́νων kărbā́nōn	κᾰρβᾱ́νων kărbā́nōn
Dative		κᾰρβᾱ́νῳ kărbā́nōi	κᾰρβᾱ́νῳ kărbā́nōi		κᾰρβᾱ́νοιν kărbā́noin	κᾰρβᾱ́νοιν kărbā́noin		κᾰρβᾱ́νοις kărbā́nois	κᾰρβᾱ́νοις kărbā́nois
Accusative		κᾰ́ρβᾱνον kắrbānon	κᾰ́ρβᾱνον kắrbānon		κᾰρβᾱ́νω kărbā́nō	κᾰρβᾱ́νω kărbā́nō		κᾰρβᾱ́νους kărbā́nous	κᾰ́ρβᾱνᾰ kắrbānă
Vocative		κᾰ́ρβᾱνε kắrbāne	κᾰ́ρβᾱνον kắrbānon		κᾰρβᾱ́νω kărbā́nō	κᾰρβᾱ́νω kărbā́nō		κᾰ́ρβᾱνοι kắrbānoi	κᾰ́ρβᾱνᾰ kắrbānă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		κᾰρβᾱ́νως kărbā́nōs			κᾰρβᾱνότερος kărbānóteros			κᾰρβᾱνότᾰτος kărbānótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κᾰρβᾱνῐ́ζω (kărbānĭ́zō)

Further reading

• “κάρβανος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κάρβανος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• κάρβανος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • barbaric idem, page 62.
  • barbarous idem, page 62.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN