δαΐφρων

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 4 February 2017

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /da.í.pʰrɔːn/ → /ðaˈi.ɸron/ → /ðaˈi.fron/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /da.í.pʰrɔːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /daˈi.pʰron/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ðaˈi.ɸron/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ðaˈi.fron/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ðaˈi.fron/

Etymology 1

From δάϊς (dáïs, “battle”) +‎ -φρων (-phrōn), combining form of φρήν (phrḗn, “mind”).

Adjective

δᾰΐφρων • (dăḯphrōn) m or f (neuter δάϊφρον); third declension

1. warlike, fiery
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.23:

     εὕδεις Ἀτρέος υἱὲ δαΐφρονος ἱπποδάμοιο

     heúdeis Atréos huiè daḯphronos hippodámoio

     you are sleeping, son of warlike Atreus the horse-tamer,

   • Q., S. 1.47

Declension

Third declension of δᾰῐ̈́φρων; δάϊφρον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		δᾰῐ̈́φρων dăĭ̈́phrōn	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνες dăĭ̈́phrōnes	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ dăĭ̈́phrōnă
Genitive		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνος dăĭ̈́phrōnos	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνος dăĭ̈́phrōnos		δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν dăĭ̈phrṓnoin	δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν dăĭ̈phrṓnoin		δᾰῐ̈φρώνων dăĭ̈phrṓnōn	δᾰῐ̈φρώνων dăĭ̈phrṓnōn
Dative		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνῐ dăĭ̈́phrōnĭ	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνῐ dăĭ̈́phrōnĭ		δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν dăĭ̈phrṓnoin	δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν dăĭ̈phrṓnoin		δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐ / δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐν dăĭ̈́phrōsĭ(n)	δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐ / δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐν dăĭ̈́phrōsĭ(n)
Accusative		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ dăĭ̈́phrōnă	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰς dăĭ̈́phrōnăs	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ dăĭ̈́phrōnă
Vocative		δᾰῐ̈́φρων dăĭ̈́phrōn	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνες dăĭ̈́phrōnes	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ dăĭ̈́phrōnă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		δᾰῐ̈φρώνως dăĭ̈phrṓnōs			—			—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Etymology 2

From ἐδάην (edáēn, “to learn”) +‎ -φρων (-phrōn), combining form of φρήν (phrḗn, “mind”).

Adjective

δᾰΐφρων • (dăḯphrōn) m or f (neuter δάϊφρον); third declension

1. wise, prudent
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.482:

     ὥς ῥα τότʼ ἀμφʼ Ὀδυσῆα δαΐφρονα ποικιλομήτην
     Τρῶες ἕπον πολλοί τε καὶ ἄλκιμοι

     hṓs rha tót amph Odusêa daḯphrona poikilomḗtēn
     Trôes hépon polloí te kaì álkimoi

     in that way then many brave Trojans surrounded prudent Odysseus of various wiles

Declension

Third declension of δᾰῐ̈́φρων; δάϊφρον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		δᾰῐ̈́φρων dăĭ̈́phrōn	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνες dăĭ̈́phrōnes	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ dăĭ̈́phrōnă
Genitive		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνος dăĭ̈́phrōnos	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνος dăĭ̈́phrōnos		δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν dăĭ̈phrṓnoin	δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν dăĭ̈phrṓnoin		δᾰῐ̈φρώνων dăĭ̈phrṓnōn	δᾰῐ̈φρώνων dăĭ̈phrṓnōn
Dative		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνῐ dăĭ̈́phrōnĭ	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνῐ dăĭ̈́phrōnĭ		δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν dăĭ̈phrṓnoin	δᾰῐ̈φρώνοιν dăĭ̈phrṓnoin		δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐ / δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐν dăĭ̈́phrōsĭ(n)	δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐ / δᾰῐ̈́φρωσῐν dăĭ̈́phrōsĭ(n)
Accusative		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ dăĭ̈́phrōnă	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰς dăĭ̈́phrōnăs	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ dăĭ̈́phrōnă
Vocative		δᾰῐ̈́φρων dăĭ̈́phrōn	δάϊφρον dáïphron		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνε dăĭ̈́phrōne		δᾰῐ̈́φρωνες dăĭ̈́phrōnes	δᾰῐ̈́φρωνᾰ dăĭ̈́phrōnă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		δᾰῐ̈φρώνως dăĭ̈phrṓnōs			—			—
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• δαΐφρων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “δαΐφρων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press