γόργυρα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• γέργυρα (gérgura), γοργύρη (gorgúrē)

Etymology

According to Beekes, definitely from Pre-Greek, but compare Sanskrit गर्गर (gárgara, “whirlpool, eddy, churn; water-jar”) and Latin gurges (“whirlpool, eddy”). Compare also κορκόδρυα (korkódrua, “drain”) and κορχυρέα (korkhuréa, “subterranean drain”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡór.ɡyː.ra/ → /ˈɣor.ʝy.ra/ → /ˈɣor.ʝi.ra/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡór.ɡyː.ra/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡor.ɡy.ra/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣor.ʝy.ra/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣor.ʝy.ra/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈɣor.ʝi.ra/

Noun

γόργῡρα • (górgūra) f (genitive γοργῡ́ρᾱς); first declension

1. underground sewer or drain
2. underground prison, dungeon, jail
3. ewer, water jug

Inflection

First declension of ἡ γόργῡρᾰ; τῆς γοργῡ́ρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ γόργῡρᾰ hē górgūra	τὼ γοργῡ́ρᾱ tṑ gorgū́rā	αἱ γόργῡραι hai górgūrai
Genitive	τῆς γοργῡ́ρᾱς tês gorgū́rās	τοῖν γοργῡ́ραιν toîn gorgū́rain	τῶν γοργῡρῶν tôn gorgūrôn
Dative	τῇ γοργῡ́ρᾳ têi gorgū́rāi	τοῖν γοργῡ́ραιν toîn gorgū́rain	ταῖς γοργῡ́ραις taîs gorgū́rais
Accusative	τὴν γόργῡρᾰν tḕn górgūran	τὼ γοργῡ́ρᾱ tṑ gorgū́rā	τᾱ̀ς γοργῡ́ρᾱς tā̀s gorgū́rās
Vocative	γόργῡρᾰ górgūra	γοργῡ́ρᾱ gorgū́rā	γόργῡραι górgūrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• γοργύριον (gorgúrion)

Further reading

• “γόργυρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• γόργυρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γόργυρα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN