βράγχος

See also: βραγχός, and Βράγχος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• βάραγχος (bárankhos), βράγχη (bránkhē)

Etymology

The resemblance with βρόγχος (brónkhos, “windpipe”) may have caused the semantic shift of βράγχιον (bránkhion, “fin; gill”). Furnée connects the word with βραχώδης (brakhṓdēs, “rough, harsh”), βρακίας (brakías, “rough places”) and βαρακινῇσιν (barakinêisin, “thorns, palisade”). This shows a set of variants βρακ-/βραχ-/βραγχ- which are typical of Pre-Greek. The additional -α- in the first syllable of βάραγχος (bárankhos) may be due to purely phonetic epenthesis, but this type of variation, too, is frequent in Pre-Greek words as well.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /bráŋ.kʰos/ → /ˈβraŋ.xos/ → /ˈvraŋ.xos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bráŋ.kʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈbraŋ.kʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈβraŋ.xos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈvraŋ.xos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈvraŋ.xos/

Noun

βρᾰ́γχος • (bránkhos) m (genitive βρᾰ́γχου); second declension

1. hoarseness or sore throat causing it
2. (pathology) kind of disease of swine, either anthrax or foot-and-mouth disease

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ βρᾰ́γχος; τοῦ βρᾰ́γχου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ βρᾰ́γχος ho bránkhos	τὼ βρᾰ́γχω tṑ bránkhō	οἱ βρᾰ́γχοι hoi bránkhoi
Genitive	τοῦ βρᾰ́γχου toû bránkhou	τοῖν βρᾰ́γχοιν toîn bránkhoin	τῶν βρᾰ́γχων tôn bránkhōn
Dative	τῷ βρᾰ́γχῳ tôi bránkhōi	τοῖν βρᾰ́γχοιν toîn bránkhoin	τοῖς βρᾰ́γχοις toîs bránkhois
Accusative	τὸν βρᾰ́γχον tòn bránkhon	τὼ βρᾰ́γχω tṑ bránkhō	τοὺς βρᾰ́γχους toùs bránkhous
Vocative	βρᾰ́γχε bránkhe	βρᾰ́γχω bránkhō	βρᾰ́γχοι bránkhoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• βραγχαλέος (brankhaléos)
• βραγχάω (brankháō)
• βραγχεία (brankheía)
• βραγχοειδής (brankhoeidḗs)
• βραγχός (brankhós)
• βραγχώδης (brankhṓdēs)

 

Further reading

• “βράγχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βράγχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• βράγχος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• βράγχος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN