βαρβαρικός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From βάρβαρος (bárbaros) +‎ -ικός (-ikós).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /bar.ba.ri.kós/ → /βar.βa.riˈkos/ → /var.va.riˈkos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bar.ba.ri.kós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /bar.ba.riˈkos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βar.βa.riˈkos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /var.va.riˈkos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /var.va.riˈkos/

Adjective

βαρβᾰρῐκός • (barbarikós) m (feminine βαρβᾰρῐκή, neuter βαρβᾰρῐκόν); first/second declension

1. barbaric
2. non-Greek

Declension

First and second declension of βαρβᾰρῐκός; βαρβᾰρῐκή; βαρβᾰρῐκόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βαρβᾰρῐκός barbarikós	βαρβᾰρῐκή barbarikḗ	βαρβᾰρῐκόν barbarikón		βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbarikṓ	βαρβᾰρῐκᾱ́ barbarikā́	βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbarikṓ		βαρβᾰρῐκοί barbarikoí	βαρβᾰρῐκαί barbarikaí	βαρβᾰρῐκᾰ́ barbariká
Genitive		βαρβᾰρῐκοῦ barbarikoû	βαρβᾰρῐκῆς barbarikês	βαρβᾰρῐκοῦ barbarikoû		βαρβᾰρῐκοῖν barbarikoîn	βαρβᾰρῐκαῖν barbarikaîn	βαρβᾰρῐκοῖν barbarikoîn		βαρβᾰρῐκῶν barbarikôn	βαρβᾰρῐκῶν barbarikôn	βαρβᾰρῐκῶν barbarikôn
Dative		βαρβᾰρῐκῷ barbarikôi	βαρβᾰρῐκῇ barbarikêi	βαρβᾰρῐκῷ barbarikôi		βαρβᾰρῐκοῖν barbarikoîn	βαρβᾰρῐκαῖν barbarikaîn	βαρβᾰρῐκοῖν barbarikoîn		βαρβᾰρῐκοῖς barbarikoîs	βαρβᾰρῐκαῖς barbarikaîs	βαρβᾰρῐκοῖς barbarikoîs
Accusative		βαρβᾰρῐκόν barbarikón	βαρβᾰρῐκήν barbarikḗn	βαρβᾰρῐκόν barbarikón		βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbarikṓ	βαρβᾰρῐκᾱ́ barbarikā́	βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbarikṓ		βαρβᾰρῐκούς barbarikoús	βαρβᾰρῐκᾱ́ς barbarikā́s	βαρβᾰρῐκᾰ́ barbariká
Vocative		βαρβᾰρῐκέ barbariké	βαρβᾰρῐκή barbarikḗ	βαρβᾰρῐκόν barbarikón		βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbarikṓ	βαρβᾰρῐκᾱ́ barbarikā́	βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbarikṓ		βαρβᾰρῐκοί barbarikoí	βαρβᾰρῐκαί barbarikaí	βαρβᾰρῐκᾰ́ barbariká
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		βαρβᾰρῐκῶς barbarikôs				βαρβᾰρῐκώτερος barbarikṓteros				βαρβᾰρῐκώτᾰτος barbarikṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: βαρβαρικός (varvarikós)
• → Latin: barbaricus
  • Catalan: barbàric
  • Old French: barbarique
    • → Middle English: barbarik
      • English: barbaric
  • Italian: barbarico
  • Portuguese: barbárico
  • Sicilian: barbàricu
  • Spanish: barbárico

Further reading

• βαρβαρικός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “βαρβαρικός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • barbaric idem, page 62.
  • barbarous idem, page 62.
  • eastern idem, page 260.
  • orient idem, page 579.
  • oriental idem, page 579.