βαρβαρικός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From βάρβαρος (bárbaros) +‎ -ικός (-ikós).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /bar.ba.ri.kós/ → /βar.βa.riˈkos/ → /var.va.riˈkos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bar.ba.ri.kós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /bar.ba.riˈkos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βar.βa.riˈkos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /var.va.riˈkos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /var.va.riˈkos/

Adjective

βαρβᾰρῐκός • (barbărĭkós) m (feminine βαρβᾰρῐκή, neuter βαρβᾰρῐκόν); first/second declension

1. barbaric
2. non-Greek

Declension

First and second declension of βαρβᾰρῐκός; βαρβᾰρῐκή; βαρβᾰρῐκόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βαρβᾰρῐκός barbărĭkós	βαρβᾰρῐκή barbărĭkḗ	βαρβᾰρῐκόν barbărĭkón		βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbărĭkṓ	βαρβᾰρῐκᾱ́ barbărĭkā́	βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbărĭkṓ		βαρβᾰρῐκοί barbărĭkoí	βαρβᾰρῐκαί barbărĭkaí	βαρβᾰρῐκᾰ́ barbărĭkắ
Genitive		βαρβᾰρῐκοῦ barbărĭkoû	βαρβᾰρῐκῆς barbărĭkês	βαρβᾰρῐκοῦ barbărĭkoû		βαρβᾰρῐκοῖν barbărĭkoîn	βαρβᾰρῐκαῖν barbărĭkaîn	βαρβᾰρῐκοῖν barbărĭkoîn		βαρβᾰρῐκῶν barbărĭkôn	βαρβᾰρῐκῶν barbărĭkôn	βαρβᾰρῐκῶν barbărĭkôn
Dative		βαρβᾰρῐκῷ barbărĭkôi	βαρβᾰρῐκῇ barbărĭkêi	βαρβᾰρῐκῷ barbărĭkôi		βαρβᾰρῐκοῖν barbărĭkoîn	βαρβᾰρῐκαῖν barbărĭkaîn	βαρβᾰρῐκοῖν barbărĭkoîn		βαρβᾰρῐκοῖς barbărĭkoîs	βαρβᾰρῐκαῖς barbărĭkaîs	βαρβᾰρῐκοῖς barbărĭkoîs
Accusative		βαρβᾰρῐκόν barbărĭkón	βαρβᾰρῐκήν barbărĭkḗn	βαρβᾰρῐκόν barbărĭkón		βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbărĭkṓ	βαρβᾰρῐκᾱ́ barbărĭkā́	βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbărĭkṓ		βαρβᾰρῐκούς barbărĭkoús	βαρβᾰρῐκᾱ́ς barbărĭkā́s	βαρβᾰρῐκᾰ́ barbărĭkắ
Vocative		βαρβᾰρῐκέ barbărĭké	βαρβᾰρῐκή barbărĭkḗ	βαρβᾰρῐκόν barbărĭkón		βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbărĭkṓ	βαρβᾰρῐκᾱ́ barbărĭkā́	βαρβᾰρῐκώ barbărĭkṓ		βαρβᾰρῐκοί barbărĭkoí	βαρβᾰρῐκαί barbărĭkaí	βαρβᾰρῐκᾰ́ barbărĭkắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		βαρβᾰρῐκῶς barbărĭkôs				βαρβᾰρῐκώτερος barbărĭkṓteros				βαρβᾰρῐκώτᾰτος barbărĭkṓtătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: βαρβαρικός (varvarikós)
• → Latin: barbaricus
  • Catalan: barbàric
  • Old French: barbarique
    • → Middle English: barbarik
      • English: barbaric
  • Italian: barbarico
  • Portuguese: barbárico
  • Sicilian: barbàricu
  • Spanish: barbárico

Further reading

• βαρβαρικός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “βαρβαρικός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • barbaric idem, page 62.
  • barbarous idem, page 62.
  • eastern idem, page 260.
  • orient idem, page 579.
  • oriental idem, page 579.