αὐτόχθων

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From αὐτο- (auto-, “self”) +‎ χθών (khthṓn, “earth, soil”), sprung from the land itself.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /au̯.tókʰ.tʰɔːn/ → /aɸˈtox.θon/ → /afˈtox.θon/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /au̯.tókʰ.tʰɔːn/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aʍˈtokʰ.tʰon/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aɸˈtox.θon/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /afˈtox.θon/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /afˈtox.θon/

Adjective

αὐτόχθων • (autókhthōn) m or f (neuter αὐτόχθον); third declension

1. indigenous

Declension

Third declension of αὐτόχθων; αὐτόχθον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		αὐτόχθων autókhthōn	αὐτόχθον autókhthon		αὐτόχθονε autókhthone	αὐτόχθονε autókhthone		αὐτόχθονες autókhthones	αὐτόχθονᾰ autókhthona
Genitive		αὐτόχθονος autókhthonos	αὐτόχθονος autókhthonos		αὐτοχθόνοιν autokhthónoin	αὐτοχθόνοιν autokhthónoin		αὐτοχθόνων autokhthónōn	αὐτοχθόνων autokhthónōn
Dative		αὐτόχθονῐ autókhthoni	αὐτόχθονῐ autókhthoni		αὐτοχθόνοιν autokhthónoin	αὐτοχθόνοιν autokhthónoin		αὐτόχθοσῐ / αὐτόχθοσῐν autókhthosi(n)	αὐτόχθοσῐ / αὐτόχθοσῐν autókhthosi(n)
Accusative		αὐτόχθονᾰ autókhthona	αὐτόχθον autókhthon		αὐτόχθονε autókhthone	αὐτόχθονε autókhthone		αὐτόχθονᾰς autókhthonas	αὐτόχθονᾰ autókhthona
Vocative		αὐτόχθον autókhthon	αὐτόχθον autókhthon		αὐτόχθονε autókhthone	αὐτόχθονε autókhthone		αὐτόχθονες autókhthones	αὐτόχθονᾰ autókhthona
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		αὐτοχθόνως autokhthónōs			αὐτοχθονέστερος autokhthonésteros			αὐτοχθονέστᾰτος autokhthonéstatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• →⇒ Bulgarian: автохто́нен (avtohtónen)
• → Catalan: autòcton
• → Dutch: autochtoon
• →⇒ English: autochthonous
• → French: autochtone
  • → Romanian: autocton
• → German: autochthon
• → Italian: autoctono
• → Polish: autochton
• → Spanish: autóctono

Noun

αὐτόχθων • (autókhthōn) m or f (genitive αὐτόχθονος); third declension

1. a native, an aborigine

Declension

Third declension of ὁ αὐτόχθων; τοῦ αὐτόχθονος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ αὐτόχθων ho autókhthōn	τὼ αὐτόχθονε tṑ autókhthone	οἱ αὐτόχθονες hoi autókhthones
Genitive	τοῦ αὐτόχθονος toû autókhthonos	τοῖν αὐτοχθόνοιν toîn autokhthónoin	τῶν αὐτοχθόνων tôn autokhthónōn
Dative	τῷ αὐτόχθονῐ tôi autókhthoni	τοῖν αὐτοχθόνοιν toîn autokhthónoin	τοῖς αὐτόχθοσῐ / αὐτόχθοσῐν toîs autókhthosi(n)
Accusative	τὸν αὐτόχθονᾰ tòn autókhthona	τὼ αὐτόχθονε tṑ autókhthone	τοὺς αὐτόχθονᾰς toùs autókhthonas
Vocative	αὐτόχθον autókhthon	αὐτόχθονε autókhthone	αὐτόχθονες autókhthones
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Dutch: autochtoon
• → English: autochthon
• → French: autochtone
• → Italian: autoctono
• → Polish: autochton
• → Spanish: autóctono

Further reading

• “αὐτόχθων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• αὐτόχθων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• αὐτόχθων in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)