αἰδέομαι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• αἴδομαι (aídomai) — Homeric

Etymology

αἰδώς (aidṓs, “shame”) +‎ *-ϳομαι (*-jomai)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ai̯.dé.o.mai̯/ → /ɛˈðe.o.mɛ/ → /eˈðe.o.me/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ai̯.dé.o.mai̯/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɛˈde.o.mɛ/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɛˈðe.o.mɛ/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eˈðe.o.me/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eˈðe.o.me/

Verb

αἰδέομαι • (aidéomai)

1. to be ashamed

   Synonym: αἰσχῡ́νομαι (aiskhū́nomai)

2. to fear
   1. to revere, stand in awe of
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.22–23:

        Ἔνθ' ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες ἐπευφήμησαν Ἀχαιοὶ
        αἰδεῖσθαί θ' ἱερῆα καὶ ἀγλαὰ δέχθαι ἄποινα·

        Énth’ álloi mèn pántes epeuphḗmēsan Akhaioì
        aideîsthaí th’ hierêa kaì aglaà dékhthai ápoina;

        Then in assent did all the rest of the Acheans shout
        both to honor the priest and to accept the splendid ransom as a gift

Conjugation

   Present: αἰδέομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	αἰδέομαι	αἰδέῃ, αἰδέει	αἰδέεται	αἰδέεσθον	αἰδέεσθον	αἰδεόμεθᾰ	αἰδέεσθε	αἰδέονται
	subjunctive	αἰδέωμαι	αἰδέῃ	αἰδέηται	αἰδέησθον	αἰδέησθον	αἰδεώμεθᾰ	αἰδέησθε	αἰδέωνται
	optative	αἰδεοίμην	αἰδέοιο	αἰδέοιτο	αἰδέοισθον	αἰδεοίσθην	αἰδεοίμεθᾰ	αἰδέοισθε	αἰδέοιντο
	imperative		αἰδέου	αἰδεέσθω	αἰδέεσθον	αἰδεέσθων		αἰδέεσθε	αἰδεέσθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						αἰδέεσθαι
participle	m					αἰδεόμενος
	f					αἰδεομένη
	n					αἰδεόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Present: αἰδοῦμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	αἰδοῦμαι	αἰδεῖ, αἰδῇ	αἰδεῖται	αἰδεῖσθον	αἰδεῖσθον	αἰδούμεθᾰ	αἰδεῖσθε	αἰδοῦνται
	subjunctive	αἰδῶμαι	αἰδῇ	αἰδῆται	αἰδῆσθον	αἰδῆσθον	αἰδώμεθᾰ	αἰδῆσθε	αἰδῶνται
	optative	αἰδοίμην	αἰδοῖο	αἰδοῖτο	αἰδοῖσθον	αἰδοίσθην	αἰδοίμεθᾰ	αἰδοῖσθε	αἰδοῖντο
	imperative		αἰδοῦ	αἰδείσθω	αἰδεῖσθον	αἰδείσθων		αἰδεῖσθε	αἰδείσθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						αἰδεῖσθαι
participle	m					αἰδούμενος
	f					αἰδουμένη
	n					αἰδούμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ᾐδεόμην (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ᾐδεόμην	ᾐδέου	ᾐδέετο	ᾐδέεσθον	ᾐδεέσθην	ᾐδεόμεθᾰ	ᾐδέεσθε	ᾐδέοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ᾐδούμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ᾐδούμην	ᾐδοῦ	ᾐδεῖτο	ᾐδεῖσθον	ᾐδείσθην	ᾐδούμεθᾰ	ᾐδεῖσθε	ᾐδοῦντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: αἰδόμην (Homeric)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	αἰδόμην	αἴδου/αἴδεο	αἴδετο	αἴδεσθον	αἰδέσθην	αἰδόμεθᾰ	αἴδεσθε	αἴδοντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: αἰδέσομαι, αἰδεσθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	αἰδέσομαι	αἰδέσῃ, αἰδέσει	αἰδέσεται	αἰδέσεσθον	αἰδέσεσθον	αἰδεσόμεθᾰ	αἰδέσεσθε	αἰδέσονται
	optative	αἰδεσοίμην	αἰδέσοιο	αἰδέσοιτο	αἰδέσοισθον	αἰδεσοίσθην	αἰδεσοίμεθᾰ	αἰδέσοισθε	αἰδέσοιντο
passive	indicative	αἰδεσθήσομαι	αἰδεσθήσῃ	αἰδεσθήσεται	αἰδεσθήσεσθον	αἰδεσθήσεσθον	αἰδεσθησόμεθᾰ	αἰδεσθήσεσθε	αἰδεσθήσονται
	optative	αἰδεσθησοίμην	αἰδεσθήσοιο	αἰδεσθήσοιτο	αἰδεσθήσοισθον	αἰδεσθησοίσθην	αἰδεσθησοίμεθᾰ	αἰδεσθήσοισθε	αἰδεσθήσοιντο
					middle		passive
infinitive					αἰδέσεσθαι		αἰδεσθήσεσθαι
participle	m				αἰδεσόμενος		αἰδεσθησόμενος
	f				αἰδεσομένη		αἰδεσθησομένη
	n				αἰδεσόμενον		αἰδεσθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ᾐδεσᾰ́μην, ᾐδέσθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ᾐδεσᾰ́μην	ᾐδέσω	ᾐδέσᾰτο	ᾐδέσᾰσθον	ᾐδεσᾰ́σθην	ᾐδεσᾰ́μεθᾰ	ᾐδέσᾰσθε	ᾐδέσᾰντο
	subjunctive	αἰδέσωμαι	αἰδέσῃ	αἰδέσηται	αἰδέσησθον	αἰδέσησθον	αἰδεσώμεθᾰ	αἰδέσησθε	αἰδέσωνται
	optative	αἰδεσαίμην	αἰδέσαιο	αἰδέσαιτο	αἰδέσαισθον	αἰδεσαίσθην	αἰδεσαίμεθᾰ	αἰδέσαισθε	αἰδέσαιντο
	imperative		αἴδεσαι	αἰδεσᾰ́σθω	αἰδέσᾰσθον	αἰδεσᾰ́σθων		αἰδέσᾰσθε	αἰδεσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ᾐδέσθην	ᾐδέσθης	ᾐδέσθη	ᾐδέσθητον	ᾐδεσθήτην	ᾐδέσθημεν	ᾐδέσθητε	ᾐδέσθησᾰν
	subjunctive	αἰδεσθῶ	αἰδεσθῇς	αἰδεσθῇ	αἰδεσθῆτον	αἰδεσθῆτον	αἰδεσθῶμεν	αἰδεσθῆτε	αἰδεσθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	αἰδεσθείην	αἰδεσθείης	αἰδεσθείη	αἰδεσθεῖτον, αἰδεσθείητον	αἰδεσθείτην, αἰδεσθειήτην	αἰδεσθεῖμεν, αἰδεσθείημεν	αἰδεσθεῖτε, αἰδεσθείητε	αἰδεσθεῖεν, αἰδεσθείησᾰν
	imperative		αἰδέσθητῐ	αἰδεσθήτω	αἰδέσθητον	αἰδεσθήτων		αἰδέσθητε	αἰδεσθέντων
					middle		passive
infinitive					αἰδέσᾰσθαι		αἰδεσθῆναι
participle	m				αἰδεσᾰ́μενος		αἰδεσθείς
	f				αἰδεσᾰμένη		αἰδεσθεῖσᾰ
	n				αἰδεσᾰ́μενον		αἰδεσθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Perfect: ᾔδεσμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ᾔδεσμαι	ᾔδεσαι	ᾔδεσται	ᾔδεσθον	ᾔδεσθον	ᾐδέσμεθᾰ	ᾔδεσθε	ᾐδέσᾰται
	subjunctive	ᾐδεσμένος ὦ	ᾐδεσμένος ᾖς	ᾐδεσμένος ᾖ	ᾐδεσμένω ἦτον	ᾐδεσμένω ἦτον	ᾐδεσμένοι ὦμεν	ᾐδεσμένοι ἦτε	ᾐδεσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	ᾐδεσμένος εἴην	ᾐδεσμένος εἴης	ᾐδεσμένος εἴη	ᾐδεσμένω εἴητον/εἶτον	ᾐδεσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	ᾐδεσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	ᾐδεσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	ᾐδεσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		ᾔδεσο	ᾐδέσθω	ᾔδεσθον	ᾐδέσθων		ᾔδεσθε	ᾐδέσθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						ᾐδέσθαι
participle	m					ᾐδεσμένος
	f					ᾐδεσμένη
	n					ᾐδεσμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Pluperfect: ᾐδέσμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ᾐδέσμην	ᾔδεσο	ᾔδεστο	ᾔδεσθον	ᾐδέσθην	ᾐδέσμεθᾰ	ᾔδεσθε	ᾐδέσᾰτο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Further reading

• “αἰδέομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • ashamed idem, page 43.
  • mercy idem, page 525.
  • qualm idem, page 663.
  • relent idem, page 690.
  • respect idem, page 703.
  • revere idem, page 709.
  • scruple idem, page 743.
  • shame idem, page 761.
  • shy idem, page 772.
  • venerate idem, page 946.
• αἰδέομαι in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)