šnj

See also: snj and .snj

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ʃɛni/
  • Conventional anglicization: sheni

Noun

 m

1. hair [since the Pyramid Texts]

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of šnj  

šnw	šnj	šnw

Derived terms

• ḫt n šnj
• jrj-šnj

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈʃiːnit/ → /ˈʃiːniʔ/ → /ˈʃiːna/ → /ˈʃiːnə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈʃiːnit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈʃiːniʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈʃiːna/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈʃiːnə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ʃɛni/
  • Conventional anglicization: sheni

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to investigate, to inquire into
2. (transitive) to curse, to conjure
3. (transitive) to exorcise (a disease)

Inflection

Conjugation of šnj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: šn, geminated stem: šnn

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural šnt, šnj šnw, šn šnt, šnwt, šnyt šn šn, šny ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 šn8, šnn8 ḥr šnt, ḥr šnj m šnt, m šnj r šnt, r šnj suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect šn.n šnw, šn, šny consecutive šn.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative šnt, šnyt perfective3 šn active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 šn.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective šn, šny active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 šnw, šn, šny šnw, šn, šny potentialis1 šn.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive šn, šny active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect šn.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective šnw1, šny, šn active + .tj1, .tw2 šn šny, šn imperfective šnn, šnny, šnnw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 šnn, šnnj6, šnny6 šnn, šnnw5 prospective šnw1, šny, šn, šntj7 — šnwtj1 4, šntj4, šnt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine. 8 Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Descendants

• Demotic: šn
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ϣⲓⲛⲉ (šine)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲓⲛⲓ (šini)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ϣⲓⲛⲓ (šini), ϣⲓ (ši)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ϣⲓⲛⲉ (šine)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲓⲛⲉ (šine)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ʃɛni/
  • Conventional anglicization: sheni

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) round
2. (transitive) to encircle, to surround

Inflection

Conjugation of šnj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: šn, geminated stem: šnn

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural šnt, šnj šnw, šn šnt, šnwt, šnyt šn šn, šny ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 šn8, šnn8 ḥr šnt, ḥr šnj m šnt, m šnj r šnt, r šnj suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect šn.n šnw, šn, šny consecutive šn.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative šnt, šnyt perfective3 šn active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 šn.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective šn, šny active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 šnw, šn, šny šnw, šn, šny potentialis1 šn.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive šn, šny active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect šn.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective šnw1, šny, šn active + .tj1, .tw2 šn šny, šn imperfective šnn, šnny, šnnw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 šnn, šnnj6, šnny6 šnn, šnnw5 prospective šnw1, šny, šn, šntj7 — šnwtj1 4, šntj4, šnt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine. 8 Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 36, 296, 343.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 84
• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 489.1–491.5
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 267–268