šꜥ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ʃɑː/
  • Conventional anglicization: sha

Verb

 2-lit.

1. (transitive) to cut off
2. (transitive) to cut or cut up
3. (transitive) to cut down (trees)

Inflection

Conjugation of šꜥ (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: šꜥ, geminated stem: šꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
šꜥ	šꜥw, šꜥ	šꜥt	šꜥ, j.šꜥ	šꜥ, j.šꜥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
šꜥ	ḥr šꜥ	m šꜥ	r šꜥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	šꜥ.n	šꜥw, šꜥ	consecutive	šꜥ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	šꜥt
perfective3	šꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	šꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	šꜥ, j.šꜥ1	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	šꜥ	šꜥꜥ	potentialis1	šꜥ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	šꜥ, j.šꜥ1	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	šꜥ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	šꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	šꜥ	šꜥꜥ, šꜥꜥj6, šꜥ2, šꜥw2 5, šꜥy2 5
imperfective	j.šꜥ1, šꜥ, šꜥy, šꜥw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	j.šꜥ1, j.šꜥw1 5, šꜥ, šꜥj6, šꜥy6	šꜥ, šꜥw5
prospective	šꜥ, šꜥtj7	—	šꜥtj4, šꜥt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of šꜥ  

šꜥ

Derived terms

• šꜥt

Romanization

šꜥ

1. Alternative transliteration of šꜥy.

References

• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 262
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 295, 297, 321.