þafian
Old English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *þabōną, from *þabaz (“fitting; appropriate”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]þafian
- to consent or agree to, to let happen or be done, to take up
- 9th century, "Elene", ll. 605-608
- Ðē sint tū ġearu, swā līf swā dēað, swā ðē lēofre biþ tō ġeċēosanne; cȳð riċene nū hwæt ðū ðæs tō þinge þafian wille.
- Two things are prepared for you, both life and death as it best please you to choose; say at once which you are willing to consent to.
- 10th century, "The Old English Rule of St. Benedict" Ch. LVIII. Cotton Tiberius A. iii, fol. 155a.
- Þā rēaf mid þām þe hē wæs unsċrīd bēon ġelōgodre on rægulhūse tō ġehealdenna æt suman ċyrre tihtendum dēofle ġif hē þafað þæt hē utgā of minstre.
- The clothing that he was divested of should be placed in the monastery to retain should he at some point by the inciting Devil agree to leave the minster.
- 9th century, "Elene", ll. 605-608
- to submit to, to suffer, to bear
- 1921, Joseph Bosworth & Thomas Northcote Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, German Lexicon Project
- Ðé þincþ se earmra se ðæt yfel déþ ðonne se ðe hit þafaþ. ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- Sum gewealden-mód þafaþ in geþylde ðæt hé sceal. ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- Eal ðæt hé for ús þafode and ðolode. ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- Ða eádigan martyras mænigfealde earfoðnyssa ðafedon. ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- Se þeódcyning ðafian sceolde Eofores ánne dóm. ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- Ic sceal þinga gehwylc þolian and þafian on ðínne dóm. ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- Hié derede ægðer ge þurst ge hæte, and ealne ðone dæg wæron ðæt þafiende. ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1921, Joseph Bosworth & Thomas Northcote Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, German Lexicon Project
- to bear with, to tolerate
- 1921, Joseph Bosworth & Thomas Northcote Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, German Lexicon Project
- Hé ilde and ðafode ða scylda and ðeáh hé him gecýðde. ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- Þatt Godd ne þole nohht ne þafe laþe gastess to winnenn oferrhannd off uss. ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1921, Joseph Bosworth & Thomas Northcote Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, German Lexicon Project
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of þafian (weak class 2)
| infinitive | þafian | þafienne |
|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | present tense | past tense |
| first person singular | þafiġe | þafode |
| second person singular | þafast | þafodest |
| third person singular | þafaþ | þafode |
| plural | þafiaþ | þafodon |
| subjunctive | present tense | past tense |
| singular | þafiġe | þafode |
| plural | þafiġen | þafoden |
| imperative | ||
| singular | þafa | |
| plural | þafiaþ | |
| participle | present | past |
| þafiende | (ġe)þafod | |
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Middle English: thaven
References
[edit]- John R. Clark Hall (1916) “þafian”, in A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary[1], 2nd edition, New York: Macmillan
- Old English to Modern English Translator