étourdir

French

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *exturdīre, from turdus (“thrush”). Compare Italian stordire.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /e.tuʁ.diʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

étourdir

1. to daze, to stun
2. (informal) to tire, to wear out

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of étourdir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	étourdir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	étourdissant /e.tuʁ.di.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		étourdi /e.tuʁ.di/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	étourdis /e.tuʁ.di/	étourdis /e.tuʁ.di/	étourdit /e.tuʁ.di/	étourdissons /e.tuʁ.di.sɔ̃/	étourdissez /e.tuʁ.di.se/	étourdissent /e.tuʁ.dis/
	imperfect	étourdissais /e.tuʁ.di.sɛ/	étourdissais /e.tuʁ.di.sɛ/	étourdissait /e.tuʁ.di.sɛ/	étourdissions /e.tuʁ.di.sjɔ̃/	étourdissiez /e.tuʁ.di.sje/	étourdissaient /e.tuʁ.di.sɛ/
	past historic2	étourdis /e.tuʁ.di/	étourdis /e.tuʁ.di/	étourdit /e.tuʁ.di/	étourdîmes /e.tuʁ.dim/	étourdîtes /e.tuʁ.dit/	étourdirent /e.tuʁ.diʁ/
	future	étourdirai /e.tuʁ.di.ʁe/	étourdiras /e.tuʁ.di.ʁa/	étourdira /e.tuʁ.di.ʁa/	étourdirons /e.tuʁ.di.ʁɔ̃/	étourdirez /e.tuʁ.di.ʁe/	étourdiront /e.tuʁ.di.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	étourdirais /e.tuʁ.di.ʁɛ/	étourdirais /e.tuʁ.di.ʁɛ/	étourdirait /e.tuʁ.di.ʁɛ/	étourdirions /e.tuʁ.di.ʁjɔ̃/	étourdiriez /e.tuʁ.di.ʁje/	étourdiraient /e.tuʁ.di.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	étourdisse /e.tuʁ.dis/	étourdisses /e.tuʁ.dis/	étourdisse /e.tuʁ.dis/	étourdissions /e.tuʁ.di.sjɔ̃/	étourdissiez /e.tuʁ.di.sje/	étourdissent /e.tuʁ.dis/
	imperfect2	étourdisse /e.tuʁ.dis/	étourdisses /e.tuʁ.dis/	étourdît /e.tuʁ.di/	étourdissions /e.tuʁ.di.sjɔ̃/	étourdissiez /e.tuʁ.di.sje/	étourdissent /e.tuʁ.dis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	étourdis /e.tuʁ.di/	—	étourdissons /e.tuʁ.di.sɔ̃/	étourdissez /e.tuʁ.di.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• étourdissant
• étourdissement

Further reading

• “étourdir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• droiture