éperdre
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old French esperdre.
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]éperdre
- (obsolete, literary, reflexive, s'éperdre) to lose one's way
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of éperdre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | éperdre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | éperdant /e.pɛʁ.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | éperdu /e.pɛʁ.dy/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | éperds /e.pɛʁ/ |
éperds /e.pɛʁ/ |
éperd /e.pɛʁ/ |
éperdons /e.pɛʁ.dɔ̃/ |
éperdez /e.pɛʁ.de/ |
éperdent /e.pɛʁd/ |
| imperfect | éperdais /e.pɛʁ.dɛ/ |
éperdais /e.pɛʁ.dɛ/ |
éperdait /e.pɛʁ.dɛ/ |
éperdions /e.pɛʁ.djɔ̃/ |
éperdiez /e.pɛʁ.dje/ |
éperdaient /e.pɛʁ.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | éperdis /e.pɛʁ.di/ |
éperdis /e.pɛʁ.di/ |
éperdit /e.pɛʁ.di/ |
éperdîmes /e.pɛʁ.dim/ |
éperdîtes /e.pɛʁ.dit/ |
éperdirent /e.pɛʁ.diʁ/ | |
| future | éperdrai /e.pɛʁ.dʁe/ |
éperdras /e.pɛʁ.dʁa/ |
éperdra /e.pɛʁ.dʁa/ |
éperdrons /e.pɛʁ.dʁɔ̃/ |
éperdrez /e.pɛʁ.dʁe/ |
éperdront /e.pɛʁ.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | éperdrais /e.pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ |
éperdrais /e.pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ |
éperdrait /e.pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ |
éperdrions /e.pɛʁ.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
éperdriez /e.pɛʁ.dʁi.je/ |
éperdraient /e.pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | éperde /e.pɛʁd/ |
éperdes /e.pɛʁd/ |
éperde /e.pɛʁd/ |
éperdions /e.pɛʁ.djɔ̃/ |
éperdiez /e.pɛʁ.dje/ |
éperdent /e.pɛʁd/ |
| imperfect2 | éperdisse /e.pɛʁ.dis/ |
éperdisses /e.pɛʁ.dis/ |
éperdît /e.pɛʁ.di/ |
éperdissions /e.pɛʁ.di.sjɔ̃/ |
éperdissiez /e.pɛʁ.di.sje/ |
éperdissent /e.pɛʁ.dis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | éperds /e.pɛʁ/ |
— | éperdons /e.pɛʁ.dɔ̃/ |
éperdez /e.pɛʁ.de/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
[edit]- “éperdre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.