typhus

English

Etymology

From New Latin typhus, from Ancient Greek τῦφος (tûphos, “fever, stupor”), from τύφω (túphō, “to smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-, extended form of *dʰew- (“scatter like dust”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtaɪfəs/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɪfəs

Noun

typhus (usually uncountable, plural typhuses)

1. (pathology) Any of several similar diseases, characterised by high recurrent fever, caused by Rickettsia bacteria. Not to be confused with typhoid fever.
   • 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 377:

     Typhoid and typhus have similar names and symptoms, but are different diseases.

Synonyms

• camp fever, gaol fever, hospital fever, jail fever, prison fever, putrid fever, ship fever

Derived terms

• abdominal typhus
• bush typhus
• chigger-borne typhus
• endemic typhus
• epidemic typhus
• flea-borne typhus
• Indian tick typhus
• Kenya tick typhus
• murine typhus
• rat typhus
• scrub typhus
• tick typhus
• tsutsugamushi
• typhous
• typhus fever
• urban typhus

 

Translations

disease

• Arabic: تِيفُوس m (tīfūs), تِيفُوس m (tifus)
• Asturian: tifus m
• Catalan: tifus (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 斑疹傷寒／斑疹伤寒 (zh) (bānzhěn shānghán)

• Czech: tyfus (cs) m
• Danish: tyfus c
• Dutch: tyfus (nl)
• Esperanto: tifo (eo)
• Faroese: týfus n
• Finnish: pilkkukuume (fi)
• French: typhus (fr) m
• Galician: tifo (gl) m
• German: Fleckfieber (de) n, Flecktyphus m
• Greek: τύφος (el) (týfos)
• Hungarian: tífusz (hu), kiütéses tífusz, flekktífusz (hu)
• Indonesian: tifus (id)
• Italian: tifo (it) m
• Japanese: チフス (ja) (chifusu)
• Kazakh: сүзек (süzek)
• Korean: 티푸스 (ko) (tipuseu)
• Malay: tifus
• Maori: karawaka
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: tyfus m

  Nynorsk: tyfus m

• Plautdietsch: Tiefuss n
• Polish: tyfus (pl) m
• Portuguese: tifo (pt) m
• Romanian: tifos (ro) n
• Russian: тиф (ru) m (tif), сыпно́й тиф m (sypnój tif)
• Scottish Gaelic: am fiabhras-ballach m
• Slovak: týfus (sk) m
• Spanish: tifus (es) m
• Swedish: tyfus (sv) c
• Turkish: tifüs (tr)

Further reading

• Typhus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Typhoid fever on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

French

Etymology

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek; see above.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti.fys/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

typhus m (plural typhus)

1. typhus

Further reading

• “typhus”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Etymology

Early modern coinage from Ancient Greek τῦφος (tûphos, “fever, stupor”).

Noun

tȳphus m (genitive tȳphī); second declension

1. (medicine) a form, type, or character of a fever.
   1. (Medieval Latin) A periodic fever.

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	tȳphus	tȳphī
Genitive	tȳphī	tȳphōrum
Dative	tȳphō	tȳphīs
Accusative	tȳphum	tȳphōs
Ablative	tȳphō	tȳphīs
Vocative	tȳphe	tȳphī

Descendants

• → Catalan: tifus
• → Danish: tyfus
• → English: typhus
• → French: typhus
• → German: Typhus
• → Italian: tifo
• → Korean: 티푸스 (tipuseu)
• → Russian: тиф (tif)
• → Sicilian: tifu
• → Spanish: tifus