From Middle English superfluous, from Latin superfluus (“superfluous”), from superfluō (“overflow”), from super (“above, more than, over”) + fluō (“flow”). Compare mellifluous and fluid, also from Latin. Literally corresponds to overflow, which is from Germanic, rather than Latin.
superfluous (comparative more superfluous, superlative most superfluous)
- In excess of what is required or sufficient.
With a full rain suit, carrying an umbrella may be superfluous.
excess of what is sufficient
- Armenian: ավելորդ (hy) (avelord)
- Asturian: superfluu
- Bulgarian: излишен (bg) (izlišen), ненужен (bg) (nenužen)
- Catalan: superflu (ca)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 多餘／多余 (zh) (duōyú)
- Czech: zbytečný (cs), nadbytečný
- Danish: overflødig (da)
- Dutch: overtollig (nl), overdadig (nl), overvloedig (nl)
- Esperanto: superflua
- Finnish: ylenpalttinen (fi), tarpeeton (fi), ylitsevuotavainen, liiallinen (fi)
- French: superflu (fr)
- Galician: superfluo
- German: überflüssig (de)
- Greek: περιττός (el) (perittós)
- Ancient: περισσός (perissós)
- Hungarian: felesleges (hu), fölösleges (hu), túlzott (hu)
- Icelandic: ofaukinn, ónauðsynlegur (is)
- Ido: superflua (io)
- Irish: iomarcach
- Italian: superfluo (it)
- Japanese: 冗長な (ja) (じょうちょうな, jōchō na)
- Latin: supervacuus, superfluus, supervacāneus, superforāneus
- Latvian: lieks
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: overflødig (no)
- Nynorsk: overflødig
- Persian: زیادی (fa) (ziyâdi)
- Polish: niepotrzebny (pl), zbyteczny (pl), nadmierny (pl)
- Portuguese: supérfluo (pt)
- Romanian: superfluu (ro), de prisos
- Russian: ли́шний (ru) (líšnij), изли́шний (ru) (izlíšnij)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: су̏вӣшан
- Roman: sȕvīšan (sh)
- Spanish: superfluo (es)
- Swedish: överflödig (sv)
- Ukrainian: за́йвий (zájvyj)
- Vietnamese: dư thừa
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