sonhar

Occitan

Etymology

Cognate with French soigner.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Languedoc):

  (file)

Verb

sonhar

1. to treat (a medical condition, etc.)
2. to care for

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		sonhar			aver sonhat
gerund		sonhant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		sonhat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	sonhi	sonhas	sonha	sonham	sonhatz	sonhan
	imperfect	sonhavi	sonhavas	sonhava	sonhàvem	sonhàvetz	sonhavan
	preterite	sonhèri	sonhères	sonhèt	sonhèrem	sonhèretz	sonhèron
	future	sonharai	sonharàs	sonharà	sonharem	sonharetz	sonharàn
	conditional	sonhariái	sonhariás	sonhariá	sonhariam	sonhariatz	sonharián
	conditional 2nd form1	sonhèra	sonhèras	sonhèra	sonheram	sonheratz	sonhèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	sonhe	sonhes	sonhe	sonhem	sonhetz	sonhen
	imperfect	sonhèssi	sonhèsses	sonhèsse	sonhèssem	sonhèssetz	sonhèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			sonha		sonhem	sonhatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		sonhar			aver sonhat
gerund		sonhant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		sonhat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	sonhe	sonhes	sonha	sonham	sonhatz	sonhon
	imperfect	sonhave	sonhaves	sonhava	sonhaviam	sonhaviatz	sonhavon
	preterite	sonhere	sonheres	sonhet	sonhem	sonhetz	sonheron
	future	sonharai	sonharàs	sonhará	sonharem	sonharetz	sonharán
	conditional	sonhariá	sonhariás	sonhariá	sonhariam	sonhariatz	sonharián
	conditional 2nd form1	sonhèra	sonhèras	sonhèra	sonheram	sonheratz	sonhèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	sonhe	sonhes	sonhe	sonhassiam	sonhassiatz	sonhon
	imperfect	sonhesse	sonhesses	sonhesse	sonhessiam	sonhessiatz	sonhesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			sonha		sonhassiam	sonhatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		sonhar			aver sonhat
gerund		sonhant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		sonhat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	sonhi	sonhas	sonha	sonham	sonhatz	sonhan
	imperfect	sonhavi	sonhavas	sonhava	sonhàvam	sonhàvatz	sonhavan
	preterite	sonhèi	sonhès	sonhè	sonhèm	sonhètz	sonhèn
	future	sonharèi	sonharàs	sonharà	sonharam	sonharatz	sonharàn
	conditional	sonharí	sonharés	sonharé	sonharem	sonharetz	sonharén
	conditional 2nd form1	sonhèra	sonhèras	sonhèra	sonheram	sonheratz	sonhèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	sonhi	sonhes	sonhe	sonhem	sonhetz	sonhen
	imperfect	sonhèssi	sonhèsses	sonhèsse	sonhèssem	sonhèssetz	sonhèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			sonha		sonhem	sonhatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		sonhar			aver sonhat
gerund		sonhant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		sonhat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	sonhe	sonhas	sonha	sonham	sonhatz	sonhan
	imperfect	sonhava	sonhavas	sonhava	sonhàvam	sonhàvatz	sonhavan
	preterite	sonhei	sonheras	sonhet	sonhèram	sonhèratz	sonheran
	future	sonharai	sonharàs	sonhará	sonharem	sonharetz	sonharán
	conditional	sonhariá	sonhariàs	sonhariá	sonhariam	sonhariatz	sonharián
	conditional 2nd form1	sonhèra	sonhèras	sonhèra	sonheram	sonheratz	sonhèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	sonhe	sonhes	sonhe	sonhem	sonhetz	sonhen
	imperfect	sonhèsse	sonhèsses	sonhèsse	sonhèssem	sonhèssetz	sonhèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			sonha		sonhem	sonhatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		sonhar			aver sonhat
gerund		sonhant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		sonhat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	sonhe	sonhes	sonha	sonham	sonhatz	sonhan
	imperfect	sonhavi	sonhavas	sonhava	sonhàvem	sonhàvetz	sonhavan
	preterite	sonhère	sonhères	sonhèt	sonheriam	sonheriatz	sonhèron
	future	sonharai	sonharàs	sonharà	sonharem	sonharetz	sonharàn
	conditional	sonhariáu	sonhariás	sonhariá	sonhariam	sonhariatz	sonharián
	conditional 2nd form1	sonhèra	sonhèras	sonhèra	sonheram	sonheratz	sonhèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	sonhe	sonhes	sonhe	sonhem	sonhetz	sonhan
	imperfect	sonhèsse	sonhèsses	sonhèsse	sonhessiam	sonhessiatz	sonhèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			sonha		sonhem	sonhatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin somniāre.

Verb

sonhar

1. to dream

Conjugation

    Conjugation of sonhar

infinitive		simple		sonhar
		compound		infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
gerund		simple		sonhando
		compound		gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		sonhado		sonhada
		feminine		sonhados		sonhadas
present participle				sonhante		sonhantes
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative mood		eu	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	sonho	sonhas	sonha	sonhamos	sonhades	sonhan
	imperfect	sonhava	sonhavas	sonhava	sonhavamos, sonhávamos	sonhavades, sonhávades	sonhavan
	preterite	sonhei	sonhaste, sonhasche	sonhou	sonhamos	sonhastes	sonharon
	pluperfect	sonhara	sonharas	sonhara	sonharamos, sonháramos	sonharades, sonhárades	sonharan
	future	sonharei	sonharás	sonhará	sonharemos	sonharedes	sonharán
	conditional	sonharia	sonharias	sonharia	sonhariamos, sonharíamos	sonhariades, sonharíades	sonharian
compound tenses	present perfect	present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	present imperfect	imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	past anterior	preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	pluperfect	simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	future perfect	future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
subjunctive mood		eu	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	sonhe	sonhes	sonhe	sonhemos	sonhedes	sonhen
	preterite	sonhasse	sonhasses	sonhasse	sonhássemos	sonhássedes	sonhassen
	future	sonhar	sonhares	sonhar	sonharmos	sonhardes	sonharen
compound tenses	present perfect	present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	pluperfect	preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	future perfect	future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
imperative mood		—	tu	vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	—
affirmative		—	sonha	sonhe	sonhemos	sonhade	—
negative		—	non sonhes	non sonhe	non sonhemos	non sonhedes	—
personal infinitive		eu	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
		sonhar	sonhares	sonhar	sonharmos	sonhardes	sonharen
1 Its alternative form aver can be used as well. 2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver".

Descendants

• Galician: soñar
• Portuguese: sonhar

Further reading

• Universo Cantigas - "sonhar"

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese sonhar, from Latin somniāre. Compare Galician and Spanish soñar, and Italian sognare.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /sõˈɲa(ʁ)/ [sõˈj̃a(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /sõˈɲa(ʁ)/ [sõˈj̃a(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /sõˈɲa(ɾ)/ [sõˈj̃a(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /sõˈɲa(ʁ)/ [sõˈj̃a(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /soˈɲa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /suˈɲaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /suˈɲaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /suˈɲa.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: so‧nhar

Verb

sonhar (first-person singular present sonho, first-person singular preterite sonhei, past participle sonhado)

1. (intransitive, or transitive with com (about)) to dream (see imaginary events while sleeping)

   Sonhei com ele. ― I had a dream about him.

   Será que os Androides Sonham com Ovelhas Elétricas? ― Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?

2. to dream (wish)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of sonhar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	sonhar
Personal	sonhar	sonhares	sonhar	sonharmos	sonhardes	sonharem
Gerund
	sonhando
Past participle
Masculine	sonhado			sonhados
Feminine	sonhada			sonhadas
Indicative
Present	sonho	sonhas	sonha	sonhamos	sonhais	sonham
Imperfect	sonhava	sonhavas	sonhava	sonhávamos	sonháveis	sonhavam
Preterite	sonhei	sonhaste	sonhou	sonhamos1, sonhámos2	sonhastes	sonharam
Pluperfect	sonhara	sonharas	sonhara	sonháramos	sonháreis	sonharam
Future	sonharei	sonharás	sonhará	sonharemos	sonhareis	sonharão
Conditional	sonharia	sonharias	sonharia	sonharíamos	sonharíeis	sonhariam
Subjunctive
Present	sonhe	sonhes	sonhe	sonhemos	sonheis	sonhem
Imperfect	sonhasse	sonhasses	sonhasse	sonhássemos	sonhásseis	sonhassem
Future	sonhar	sonhares	sonhar	sonharmos	sonhardes	sonharem
Imperative
Affirmative		sonha	sonhe	sonhemos	sonhai	sonhem
Negative (não)		não sonhes	não sonhe	não sonhemos	não sonheis	não sonhem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• sonho
• sonhador

Descendants

• Macanese: sunhâ