rast

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See also: Rast, RAST, raşt, and rásť

Albanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish راست (rast), from Classical Persian راست (rāst).

Noun

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rast m (plural raste, definite rasti, definite plural rastet)

  1. chance
    Synonyms: shans, mundësi, fat
  2. occasion

Declension

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German

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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rast

  1. inflection of rasen:
    1. second/third-person singular present
    2. second-person plural present
    3. plural imperative

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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rast

  1. singular imperative of rasten
  2. (colloquial) first-person singular present of rasten

Latvian

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Etymology

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This word is the reflex of two different Proto-Indo-European forms: *wer-d-, *wr-ed- (to bend, to sway) and *werdʰ-, *wr-edʰ-, *h₃erdʰ- (to grow; high), both from the stem *wer- (to bend, to turn).[1] Both forms yielded Proto-Baltic *red-, *rad-, from which *rad-ti > *rasti > rast.

The present tense form was derived with an extra n: *randuo > *ruodu > rodu; cf. dialectal variants ronu, romu. From the meaning “to bend, to sway” came “to raise, to obtain (by bending down to get it)” > “to obtain, to get, to find.” From the meaning “to grow” came not only the meanings of the Lithuanian reflexive form, but also those of Latvian related forms like raža (harvest), rasma (fecundity), radīt (to create), radi (relatives) and the 18th-century adjective rastīgs (fertile, successful). This semantic diversity also explains the divergent meanings of the derived prefixed verbs (atrast (to find; to lose a habit, a skill), ierast parast, pierast (to get used to), etc.).

Cognates include Lithuanian ràsti (to find, to obain by searching; to notice; to determine, to establish; to happen, to be), reflexive ràstis (to grow quickly, strongly; to give birth; to rise, to get up; to become; to happen; to come, to arrive; to get somewhere); from *werd- (to bend, to sway), also Gothic 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐍄𐍉 (wratō, to go, to travel), Icelandic rata (to travel, to find one's way), Middle High German razzeln (to turn); from *werdʰ (to grow), Old Church Slavonic расти (rasti, to grow), Russian расти́ (rastí), Polish róść, Sanskrit वर्धति (várdhati), वृधति (vr̥dháti, to grow, to increase), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, straight, upright) (and perhaps also, from a possible variant form *Herdʰ, *Hredʰ-, Latin arduus (lofty, high), arbor (tree)).[2]

Pronunciation

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This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Verb

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rast (transitive, 1st conjugation, present rodu, rodi, rod, past radu)

  1. to find (to cause by searching that something (desirable, necessary) be present, in use, or in one's possession)
    rast jaunu dzimtenito find a new homeland
    nerast nekur mieruto not find peace anywhere
    rast kopīgu valoduto find a common language (= to communicate)
    mīļa, mīļa tēva sēta, kur mīļaku vietu rast!dear, dear father's (= home) ranch, where to find a favorite place!
  2. to find (to discover via research)
    institūta laboratorijās rastas jaunas sveķu izmantošanas iespējasin the laboratories of the institute new possibilities of use for resin (were) found
  3. to find (to choose, e.g., the right word, in one's thoughts)
    kā lai vārdus rod?how does one find the (right) words?
  4. to find, to receive (e.g., help, understanding, from others)
    kur rast atbalstu? draugos?where to find support? with (lit. in) friends?
    viņš rod ierosmi dabāhe finds inspiration in nature
    viņa gribētu rast apstiprinājumushe would like to find approval
  5. to find, to start (e.g., a state, a situation, a relationship)
    rast draudzībuto find friendship
    komponista sirsnība un vienkāršība palīdzēja rast ciešu kontaktu ar publikuthe composer's sincerity and simplicity helped him find, achieve chose contact with the audience
  6. to find (to be such that a certain mental state is caused)
    rast spēkus, mierinājumu, priekuto find strength, comfort, joy
    rast prieku darbāto find joy in work
    cik sevi vēros, vairāk sāpes raduthe more I observe myself, the more I find pain
  7. (in the past active participle form radis) accustomed, used to
    viņš nebija radis daudz domāt, tāpēc jutās nogurishe wasn't used to thinking a lot, so he felt tired
    meitene pie grūta darba nav radusithe girl wasn't used to hard work
  8. (rare, in the past passive participle form rasts) usual, well-known
    uz ciemu īstenībā ved ne viens vien ceļš, bet tā ir rasts un iegājies, ka tos citus vairs neizmantoin fact more than one road leads to the village, but it is well known tradition that the others are no longer used

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:
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References

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  1. ^ There is some doubt about the correctness of this Proto-Indo-European form. The Lexikon der Indogermanischen Verben (ref.?) proposes *redh- (to appear, to arise) as the source for this verb.
  2. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “rast”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Northern Kurdish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Iranian *Hraštáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hraštás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵtós (having moved in a straight line), from *h₃reǵ- (to straighten, direct). Cognate with English right.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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rast

  1. straight
  2. right, correct
  3. right (dexter, opposite of left)
  4. true, right
  5. erect
  6. direct

Norwegian Bokmål

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Verb

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rast

  1. past participle of rase

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic растъ (rastŭ).

Noun

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rast n (uncountable)

  1. spleen inflammation

Declension

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Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *orstъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rȃst m (Cyrillic spelling ра̑ст)

  1. (uncountable) growth
  2. (uncountable) height

Declension

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References

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  • rast” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovene

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *orstъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rȃst f

  1. growth

Inflection

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The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Feminine, i-stem, long mixed accent
nominative rást
genitive rastí
singular
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)
rást
genitive
(rodȋlnik)
rastí
dative
(dajȃlnik)
rásti
accusative
(tožȋlnik)
rást
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)
rásti
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)
rastjó
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Further reading

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  • rast”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Swedish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse rǫst, from Proto-Germanic *rastō, *rastijō (rest), from Proto-Indo-European *ros-, *res-, *erH- (rest).

Noun

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rast c

  1. (countable or uncountable) a break (rest or pause, usually from work)
    Nu tar vi rast
    Let's take a break
  2. (countable or uncountable) recess, break, breaktime (between classes in school)
    Hur lång är rasten?
    How long is recess?

Declension

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See also

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  • lov (longer break, like summer break)

References

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Anagrams

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Tat

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Etymology

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Cognate with Persian راست (rāst).

Adjective

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rast

  1. right (dexter)

Turkish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Ottoman Turkish راست (rast), from Classical Persian راست (rāst).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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rast (dated)

  1. true, correct, right
    Synonyms: doğru, düzgün

Declension

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Noun

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rast (definite accusative rastı, plural rastlar)

  1. (dated) coincidence
    Synonyms: rastlantı, tesadüf
  2. (dated) the act of hitting a target
  3. (music) rast (a kind of maqam)

Declension

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Inflection
Nominative rast
Definite accusative rastı
Singular Plural
Nominative rast rastlar
Definite accusative rastı rastları
Dative rasta rastlara
Locative rastta rastlarda
Ablative rasttan rastlardan
Genitive rastın rastların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular rastım rastlarım
2nd singular rastın rastların
3rd singular rastı rastları
1st plural rastımız rastlarımız
2nd plural rastınız rastlarınız
3rd plural rastları rastları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular rastımı rastlarımı
2nd singular rastını rastlarını
3rd singular rastını rastlarını
1st plural rastımızı rastlarımızı
2nd plural rastınızı rastlarınızı
3rd plural rastlarını rastlarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular rastıma rastlarıma
2nd singular rastına rastlarına
3rd singular rastına rastlarına
1st plural rastımıza rastlarımıza
2nd plural rastınıza rastlarınıza
3rd plural rastlarına rastlarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular rastımda rastlarımda
2nd singular rastında rastlarında
3rd singular rastında rastlarında
1st plural rastımızda rastlarımızda
2nd plural rastınızda rastlarınızda
3rd plural rastlarında rastlarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular rastımdan rastlarımdan
2nd singular rastından rastlarından
3rd singular rastından rastlarından
1st plural rastımızdan rastlarımızdan
2nd plural rastınızdan rastlarınızdan
3rd plural rastlarından rastlarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular rastımın rastlarımın
2nd singular rastının rastlarının
3rd singular rastının rastlarının
1st plural rastımızın rastlarımızın
2nd plural rastınızın rastlarınızın
3rd plural rastlarının rastlarının

Derived terms

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Further reading

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