proelium

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Possibly for *provillium, *produillium, from duellum, bellum.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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proelium n (genitive proeliī or proelī); second declension

  1. a battle, combat, conflict
    Synonyms: pugna, bellum, certamen, dimicatio, duellum
  2. (poetic) warriors taken collectively
  3. a contest, strife
    Synonyms: certatus, rixa

Declension

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Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative proelium proelia
Genitive proeliī
proelī1
proeliōrum
Dative proeliō proeliīs
Accusative proelium proelia
Ablative proeliō proeliīs
Vocative proelium proelia

1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Italian: prelio (learned)
  • Portuguese: prélio

References

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  • proelium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • proelium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • proelium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to provoke the enemy to battle: proelio (ad pugnam) hostes lacessere, provocare
    • to refrain from fighting: supersedere proelio
    • to demand loudly the signal to engage: signum proelii (committendi) exposcere (B. G. 7. 19)
    • to give the signal to engage: signum proelii dare
    • (1) to begin the battle, (2) to give battle: proelium committere
    • to engage: proelium inire (Liv. 2. 14)
    • to give battle: proelium facere
    • to give battle with a cavalry-division: proelio equestri contendere
    • to give battle with a cavalry-division: proelium equestre facere
    • to fight successfully: proelium facere secundum
    • to fight successfully: proeliis secundis uti
    • to interrupt the battle: proelium intermittere
    • to break off the fight: proelium dirimere (B. C. 1. 40)
    • to renew the battle with success: proelium restituere
    • to begin the fight again: proelium renovare, redintegrare
    • to give up the fight: proelium deserere
    • to fight a decisive battle: proelio, armis decertare (B. G. 1. 50)
    • to take part in the engagement: proelio interesse
    • a bloody battle: proelium cruentum, atrox
    • a pitched battle: proelium iustum (opp. tumultuarium)
    • the lines charge in battle one on another: proelio concurritur (Sall. Iug. 59)
    • to fight a pitched, orderly battle with an enemy: iusto (opp. tumultuario) proelio confligere cum hoste (Liv. 35. 4)
    • the issue of the battle is undecided: proelium anceps est
    • to be defeated in fight, lose the battle: proelio vinci, superari, inferiorem, victum discedere
    • to come off victorious: superiorem (opp. inferiorem), victorem (proelio, pugna) discedere
    • to gain a victory, win a battle: proelio vincere