perestroika

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English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, restructuring).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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perestroika (countable and uncountable, plural perestroikas)

  1. (historical, uncountable) A program of political and economic reform carried out in the Soviet Union in the 1980s and early 1990s under the leadership of Mikhail Gorbachev.
    • 2004, Chris Wallace, Character: Profiles in Presidential Courage:
      Gorbachev would introduce glasnost (openness and freedom) and perestroika (economic restructuring) to Russia under his tenure, ultimately freeing thousands of political prisoners and dissidents and trying to address the shortages in food and goods that had become the hallmarks of the failing Soviet economy.
  2. (historical, uncountable) The period of time in the Soviet Union during which these reforms were carried out and in effect.
  3. (countable, singularity theory) A situation where a small variation of parameters leads to a sudden change in properties.

Derived terms

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Translations

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See also

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Finnish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈperestroi̯kɑ/, [ˈpe̞re̞s̠tˌro̞i̯kɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -oikɑ
  • Syllabification(key): pe‧rest‧roi‧ka

Noun

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perestroika

  1. (historical) perestroika

Declension

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Inflection of perestroika (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative perestroika perestroikat
genitive perestroikan perestroikien
partitive perestroikaa perestroikia
illative perestroikaan perestroikiin
singular plural
nominative perestroika perestroikat
accusative nom. perestroika perestroikat
gen. perestroikan
genitive perestroikan perestroikien
perestroikain rare
partitive perestroikaa perestroikia
inessive perestroikassa perestroikissa
elative perestroikasta perestroikista
illative perestroikaan perestroikiin
adessive perestroikalla perestroikilla
ablative perestroikalta perestroikilta
allative perestroikalle perestroikille
essive perestroikana perestroikina
translative perestroikaksi perestroikiksi
abessive perestroikatta perestroikitta
instructive perestroikin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of perestroika (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative perestroikani perestroikani
accusative nom. perestroikani perestroikani
gen. perestroikani
genitive perestroikani perestroikieni
perestroikaini rare
partitive perestroikaani perestroikiani
inessive perestroikassani perestroikissani
elative perestroikastani perestroikistani
illative perestroikaani perestroikiini
adessive perestroikallani perestroikillani
ablative perestroikaltani perestroikiltani
allative perestroikalleni perestroikilleni
essive perestroikanani perestroikinani
translative perestroikakseni perestroikikseni
abessive perestroikattani perestroikittani
instructive
comitative perestroikineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative perestroikasi perestroikasi
accusative nom. perestroikasi perestroikasi
gen. perestroikasi
genitive perestroikasi perestroikiesi
perestroikaisi rare
partitive perestroikaasi perestroikiasi
inessive perestroikassasi perestroikissasi
elative perestroikastasi perestroikistasi
illative perestroikaasi perestroikiisi
adessive perestroikallasi perestroikillasi
ablative perestroikaltasi perestroikiltasi
allative perestroikallesi perestroikillesi
essive perestroikanasi perestroikinasi
translative perestroikaksesi perestroikiksesi
abessive perestroikattasi perestroikittasi
instructive
comitative perestroikinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative perestroikamme perestroikamme
accusative nom. perestroikamme perestroikamme
gen. perestroikamme
genitive perestroikamme perestroikiemme
perestroikaimme rare
partitive perestroikaamme perestroikiamme
inessive perestroikassamme perestroikissamme
elative perestroikastamme perestroikistamme
illative perestroikaamme perestroikiimme
adessive perestroikallamme perestroikillamme
ablative perestroikaltamme perestroikiltamme
allative perestroikallemme perestroikillemme
essive perestroikanamme perestroikinamme
translative perestroikaksemme perestroikiksemme
abessive perestroikattamme perestroikittamme
instructive
comitative perestroikinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative perestroikanne perestroikanne
accusative nom. perestroikanne perestroikanne
gen. perestroikanne
genitive perestroikanne perestroikienne
perestroikainne rare
partitive perestroikaanne perestroikianne
inessive perestroikassanne perestroikissanne
elative perestroikastanne perestroikistanne
illative perestroikaanne perestroikiinne
adessive perestroikallanne perestroikillanne
ablative perestroikaltanne perestroikiltanne
allative perestroikallenne perestroikillenne
essive perestroikananne perestroikinanne
translative perestroikaksenne perestroikiksenne
abessive perestroikattanne perestroikittanne
instructive
comitative perestroikinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative perestroikansa perestroikansa
accusative nom. perestroikansa perestroikansa
gen. perestroikansa
genitive perestroikansa perestroikiensa
perestroikainsa rare
partitive perestroikaansa perestroikiaan
perestroikiansa
inessive perestroikassaan
perestroikassansa
perestroikissaan
perestroikissansa
elative perestroikastaan
perestroikastansa
perestroikistaan
perestroikistansa
illative perestroikaansa perestroikiinsa
adessive perestroikallaan
perestroikallansa
perestroikillaan
perestroikillansa
ablative perestroikaltaan
perestroikaltansa
perestroikiltaan
perestroikiltansa
allative perestroikalleen
perestroikallensa
perestroikilleen
perestroikillensa
essive perestroikanaan
perestroikanansa
perestroikinaan
perestroikinansa
translative perestroikakseen
perestroikaksensa
perestroikikseen
perestroikiksensa
abessive perestroikattaan
perestroikattansa
perestroikittaan
perestroikittansa
instructive
comitative perestroikineen
perestroikinensa

Further reading

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Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /pe.ɾesˈtɾɔj.kɐ/ [pe.ɾesˈtɾɔɪ̯.kɐ]
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /pe.ɾeʃˈtɾɔj.kɐ/ [pe.ɾeʃˈtɾɔɪ̯.kɐ]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /pe.ɾesˈtɾɔj.ka/ [pe.ɾesˈtɾɔɪ̯.ka]

Noun

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perestroika f (plural perestroikas)

  1. perestroika (reform in the Soviet Union in 1980s)

Spanish

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Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia es

Etymology

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Borrowed from Russian перестро́йка (perestrójka, restructuring).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /peɾesˈtɾoika/ [pe.ɾesˈt̪ɾoi̯.ka]
  • Rhymes: -oika
  • Syllabification: pe‧res‧troi‧ka

Noun

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perestroika f (uncountable)

  1. (historical) perestroika

Further reading

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