ibrum

Akkadian

Root
'-b-r
1 term

Etymology

From abārum (“to embrace”). Cognate with Arabic خَبِير (ḵabīr, “expert, someone who's well acquaninted with something”) and Biblical Hebrew חָבֵר (ḥɔḇér, “fellow, associate, companion”).

Pronunciation

• (Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /ˈib.rum/

Noun

ibrum m (construct state ibir, plural ibrū) (from Old Assyrian/Old Babylonian on)

1. comrade, fellow, friend, colleague, peer, equal (a person of the same status or profession)

   𒅁𒊒 𒌑𒍣𒊏 𒄣𒊏𒁺 𒅆𒈨𒀀

   ib-ru u₂-ṣi₂-ra qu-ra-du ši-me-a

   /ibrū uṣṣirā qurādū šimeā/

   Attention, comrade! Warriors, listen!

   𒀠𒆷𒉡𒊌𒅗 𒀀𒄩𒄠 𒅇 𒅁𒊏𒄠 𒌑𒆷 𒄿𒋗

   [allānukka aḫam u ebram ula īšu]

   al-la-nu-uk-ka a-ḫa-am u₃ eb-ra-am u₂-la i-šu

   Apart from you, I have no friend nor fellow.

Alternative forms

• ibru (non-mimated)
• ebrum, ebru (Assyrian)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒆪𒇷 (KU.LI)	𒅁𒀸 (ib-rum) 𒅁𒊒 (ib-ru)

Derived terms

• ibrūtu (relationship between peers, alliance)

 

References

• “ibru”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[1], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
• Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “ibru(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag