hákarl

English

Etymology

Icelandic hákarl (“shark”)

Noun

hákarl (uncountable)

1. An Icelandic food, cured fermented shark with a strong ammonia smell.

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse hákarl (“a shark”), há- (“marks fish of the shark kind”) +‎ karl (“a man”). Related to háfur (“a dogfish”) and hár (“dogfish”). Compare the Faroese hákallur and Russian аку́ла (akúla).

Pronunciation

• (archaic) IPA^(key): /haːkar(t)l/
• (modern) IPA^(key): /hauː.kartl/

Noun

hákarl m (genitive singular hákarls, nominative plural hákarlar)

1. a Greenland shark, Somniosus microcephalus
2. any shark (scaleless cartilaginous fish)

Usage notes

• The dated term hákerling (see kerling (“woman”)) was once used to refer to sharks as well.

Declension

declension of hákarl

m-s1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hákarl	hákarlinn	hákarlar	hákarlarnir
accusative	hákarl	hákarlinn	hákarla	hákarlana
dative	hákarli	hákarlinum	hákörlum	hákörlunum
genitive	hákarls	hákarlsins	hákarla	hákarlanna

Derived terms

Derived terms

• beinhákarl
• háki
• háksi
• kæstur hákarl

Related terms

• háskerðingur

See also

• hapanhai

Old Norse

Etymology

See Icelandic hákarl. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. The Icelandic word comes from Old Norse, why should I have to see Icelandic for the etymology?

Pronunciation

• (12th Century Icelandic) IPA^(key): /hɑ̃ːˌkarl/

Noun

hákarl m (genitive hákarls, plural hákarlar)

1. a shark

Declension

  Declension of hákarl (strong a-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hákarl	hákarlinn	hákarlar	hákarlarnir
accusative	hákarl	hákarlinn	hákarla	hákarlana
dative	hákarli	hákarlinum	hákurlum	hákurlunum
genitive	hákarls	hákarlsins	hákarla	hákarlanna

Descendants

• → Middle Dutch: haeye
  • Dutch: haai m
    • Afrikaans: haai
    • → West Frisian: haai
    • → English: haye
    • → Plautdietsch: Heifesch
    • → German: Hai m
    • → Norwegian Nynorsk: hai m
    • → Swedish: haj c
      • → Estonian: hai
      • → Finnish: hai
    • → Danish: haj c
      • Norwegian Bokmål: hai m
    • → Gutnish: haj
• Icelandic: hákarl m (“Greenland shark”)
• Faroese: hákallur m (“basking shark”)
• Norn: håkilling m (“large shark”)
• Norwegian Nynorsk: håkall m (“Greenland shark”), ⇒ håkjerring (< hákerling)
• → Northern Sami: áhkạlakkis
• → Kildin Sami: а̄һклэӈӈк (āhkleŋŋk), а̄һклиӈӈк (āhkliŋŋk)
• → Skolt Sami: akkli
• → Middle Russian:
  • Russian: аку́ла f (akúla)
    • → Adyghe: акул (akʷul)
    • → Azerbaijani: akula
    • → Bashkir: акула (akula)
    • → Belarusian: аку́ла f (akúla)
    • → Bulgarian: аку́ла f (akúla)
    • → Bezhta: акула (akula)
    • → Kazakh: акула (akula)
    • → Kyrgyz: акула (akula)
    • → Macedonian: ајкула f (ajkula)
      • Serbo-Croatian:

        → Cyrillic script: а̏јкула f, а̏јкула f

        → Latin script: ȁjkula f

    • → Tatar: акула (aqula)
    • → Turkmen: akula
    • → Ukrainian: аку́ла f (akúla)
    • → Uyghur: ئاكۇلا (akula)
    • → Uzbek: akula