gáeth

See also: gaeth and gæþ

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• gaíth

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡaːi̯θ]

Etymology 1

Adjective

gáeth

1. wise
2. intelligent

Inflection

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	gáeth	gáeth	gáeth
Vocative	gaíth* gáeth**
Accusative	gáeth	gaíth
Genitive	gaíth	gaíthe	gaíth
Dative	gáeth	gaíth	gáeth
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	gaíth	gáetha
Vocative	gáethu gáetha†
Accusative	gáethu gáetha†
Genitive	gáeth
Dative	gáethaib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Derived terms

• do·gáetha

Descendants

• Irish: gaoth

Etymology 2

Noun

gáeth f

1. wind
   • Verses in the St Gall Priscian

     Is acher in gaíth innocht fu·fuasna fairggæ findḟolt
     ni ágor réimm mora minn dond láechraid lainn ua Lothlind.

     Bitter is the wind to-night: it tosses the ocean’s white hair:
     I fear not the coursing of a clear sea by the fierce heroes from Lothlend.

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	gáethL	gaíthL	gáethaH
Vocative	gáethL	gaíthL	gáethaH
Accusative	gaíthN	gaíthL	gáethaH
Genitive	gaítheH	gáethL	gáethN
Dative	gaíthL	gáethaib	gáethaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• gáethach
• gáethmar

Descendants

• Irish: gaoth
• Manx: geay
• Scottish Gaelic: gaoth
• ⇒ Middle Irish: gáethamlacht

Etymology 3

Uncertain. Perhaps attested in Primitive Irish ᚌᚐᚈᚈᚕᚌᚂᚐᚅ (gattea-glan, “(?)having clean water”).

Noun

gáeth m or f (genitive unattested, no plural)

1. estuary

Descendants

• Irish: gaoth

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
gáeth	gáeth pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	ngáeth
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 gáeth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 gáeth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “3 gáeth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language