copuler
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French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Latin cōpulāre. Doublet of the inherited coupler. See also copule and couple.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]copuler
- to copulate (produce offspring)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of copuler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | copuler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | copulant /kɔ.py.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | copulé /kɔ.py.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | copule /kɔ.pyl/ |
copules /kɔ.pyl/ |
copule /kɔ.pyl/ |
copulons /kɔ.py.lɔ̃/ |
copulez /kɔ.py.le/ |
copulent /kɔ.pyl/ |
| imperfect | copulais /kɔ.py.lɛ/ |
copulais /kɔ.py.lɛ/ |
copulait /kɔ.py.lɛ/ |
copulions /kɔ.py.ljɔ̃/ |
copuliez /kɔ.py.lje/ |
copulaient /kɔ.py.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | copulai /kɔ.py.le/ |
copulas /kɔ.py.la/ |
copula /kɔ.py.la/ |
copulâmes /kɔ.py.lam/ |
copulâtes /kɔ.py.lat/ |
copulèrent /kɔ.py.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | copulerai /kɔ.pyl.ʁe/ |
copuleras /kɔ.pyl.ʁa/ |
copulera /kɔ.pyl.ʁa/ |
copulerons /kɔ.pyl.ʁɔ̃/ |
copulerez /kɔ.pyl.ʁe/ |
copuleront /kɔ.pyl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | copulerais /kɔ.pyl.ʁɛ/ |
copulerais /kɔ.pyl.ʁɛ/ |
copulerait /kɔ.pyl.ʁɛ/ |
copulerions /kɔ.py.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
copuleriez /kɔ.py.lə.ʁje/ |
copuleraient /kɔ.pyl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | copule /kɔ.pyl/ |
copules /kɔ.pyl/ |
copule /kɔ.pyl/ |
copulions /kɔ.py.ljɔ̃/ |
copuliez /kɔ.py.lje/ |
copulent /kɔ.pyl/ |
| imperfect2 | copulasse /kɔ.py.las/ |
copulasses /kɔ.py.las/ |
copulât /kɔ.py.la/ |
copulassions /kɔ.py.la.sjɔ̃/ |
copulassiez /kɔ.py.la.sje/ |
copulassent /kɔ.py.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | copule /kɔ.pyl/ |
— | copulons /kɔ.py.lɔ̃/ |
copulez /kɔ.py.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “copuler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin
[edit]Verb
[edit]cōpuler