birokrasi

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch bureaucratie, from French bureaucratie.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [biroˈkrasi]
• Hyphenation: bi‧ro‧kra‧si
• Rhymes: -si, -i

Noun

birokrasi (first-person possessive birokrasiku, second-person possessive birokrasimu, third-person possessive birokrasinya)

1. bureaucracy:
   1. government by bureaus or their administrators or officers.
   2. (derogatory) excessive red tape and routine in any administration, body or behaviour.

Derived terms

• pembirokrasian

 

Related terms

• biro
• birokrat
• birokratis

 

Further reading

• “birokrasi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Noun

birokrasi (plural birokrasi-birokrasi, informal 1st possessive birokrasiku, 2nd possessive birokrasimu, 3rd possessive birokrasinya)

1. bureaucracy

Further reading

• “birokrasi” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.