besogner

French

Etymology

From Frankish *bisunnjōn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bə.zɔ.ɲe/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

besogner

1. (intransitive) to toil, drudge, slave away

Conjugation

Conjugation of besogner (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	besogner
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	besognant /bə.zɔ.ɲɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		besogné /bə.zɔ.ɲe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	besogne /bə.zɔɲ/	besognes /bə.zɔɲ/	besogne /bə.zɔɲ/	besognons /bə.zɔ.ɲɔ̃/	besognez /bə.zɔ.ɲe/	besognent /bə.zɔɲ/
	imperfect	besognais /bə.zɔ.ɲɛ/	besognais /bə.zɔ.ɲɛ/	besognait /bə.zɔ.ɲɛ/	besognions /bə.zɔ.ɲjɔ̃/	besogniez /bə.zɔ.ɲje/	besognaient /bə.zɔ.ɲɛ/
	past historic2	besognai /bə.zɔ.ɲe/	besognas /bə.zɔ.ɲa/	besogna /bə.zɔ.ɲa/	besognâmes /bə.zɔ.ɲam/	besognâtes /bə.zɔ.ɲat/	besognèrent /bə.zɔ.ɲɛʁ/
	future	besognerai /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁe/	besogneras /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁa/	besognera /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁa/	besognerons /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁɔ̃/	besognerez /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁe/	besogneront /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	besognerais /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁɛ/	besognerais /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁɛ/	besognerait /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁɛ/	besognerions /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁjɔ̃/	besogneriez /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁje/	besogneraient /bə.zɔ.ɲə.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	besogne /bə.zɔɲ/	besognes /bə.zɔɲ/	besogne /bə.zɔɲ/	besognions /bə.zɔ.ɲjɔ̃/	besogniez /bə.zɔ.ɲje/	besognent /bə.zɔɲ/
	imperfect2	besognasse /bə.zɔ.ɲas/	besognasses /bə.zɔ.ɲas/	besognât /bə.zɔ.ɲa/	besognassions /bə.zɔ.ɲa.sjɔ̃/	besognassiez /bə.zɔ.ɲa.sje/	besognassent /bə.zɔ.ɲas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	besogne /bə.zɔɲ/	—	besognons /bə.zɔ.ɲɔ̃/	besognez /bə.zɔ.ɲe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “besogner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• éborgnes