Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ně-

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

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Etymology

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Pronoun prefix with indefinite function. Apparently related to forms of Proto-Indo-European *ne, however, uncertainly how:

  • One possibility is a direct descent from Proto-Indo-European *néh₁, cognate with Latin (not), Sanskrit ना (, not). The logic of this derivation is that *ně- originally reflected the meaning none particularly. In support of this hypothesis serves the rare autonomous form Proto-Slavic *ně (none) and analogous formations in Baltic: Lithuanian nėkas (nobody particularly), Lithuanian nekur̃s (nowhere particularly).
  • Alternatively, according to F. Mikloshich, from the conflation of *ne (not) +‎ *vě (to know). Effectively, then *ně- would stand for unknowing who/what/where/how/etc. Vasmer considers this derivation phonetically unsound.
  • According to Trubachev, possibly from the conflation of *ne (not) +‎ *je (to be). Similar to the dialectal *něměti (not to have) from Proto-Slavic *ne + *jьměti (to have).

Almost not used in Modern Polish. Old Polish did preserve niekako (somehow), etc. – in Modern Polish rarely used niejako, niejaki, etc. Not used in Ukrainian.

Prefix

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*ně-[1][2]

  1. some- (with interrogatory pronouns)

Derived terms

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Category Proto-Slavic terms prefixed with *ně- not found

Descendants

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  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: не- (nje-)
    • Russian: не́- (né-)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: нѣ- (ně-)
    • Bulgarian: ня- (nja-)
    • Macedonian: не- (ne-)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: не̏-
      Latin script: nȅ-, njȅ- (dialectal)
    • Slovene: ne-
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

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  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “некий”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*ne/*ně”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 91
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*nečьjь/*něčьjь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 112
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*nečьto/*něčьto”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 113
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*nekakъ(jь)/*někakъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 138
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*nekoliko/*několiko”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 140
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*nekǫda/*někǫda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 142
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*nekъde/*někъde”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 145
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*nekъgъdа/*někъgъda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 146
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1999), “*nekъjь/*někъjь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 25 (*neroditi – *novotьnъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 146
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*nekoterъ(je)/někoterъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 141
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “ня”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 726
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “някак”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 727

References

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  1. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “ně-”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander:(indef. pref.) (PR 146)
  2. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “ne-”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si:*ně