Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/komъ

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

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Etymology

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Traditionally compared with Lithuanian kãmas (chunk), kamuolỹs (ball), Latvian kams (mass, clod), kamols (ball), probably from a common Proto-Balto-Slavic *kam⁽ˀ⁾as (mass). Further comparison has been drawn to Sanskrit शम् (śam, to toil, to wreck), Ancient Greek κᾰ́μνω (kámnō, to exert, to work hard), presumably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱemh₂- (to exert force, to get toiled).

It is uncertain if the current term is related to homonymous *komъ (bulge, mound), attested in South Slavic: Bulgarian Ком (Kom), Комощи́ца (Komoštíca) (oronyms), dial. Serbo-Croatian ко̏м, ко̀мац (hill, steep) (alternatively compared with Romanian coamă (ridge, crest) < Latin coma (hair)). Compare Russian кому́ля (komúlja, lump of earth).

Noun

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*komъ m

  1. clod (East Slavic)
  2. (secondary) lump of marc, refuse matter (West, South Slavic)
    Coordinate term: *komina

Alternative forms

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Declension

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Derived terms

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  • *komęga (type of vessel, boat)
  • *komolъ (hornless, mutilated) (possibly)

Descendants

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  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: ком (kom)
    • Russian: ком (kom)
    • Ukrainian: ком (kom)
  • South Slavic:
    • Serbo-Croatian: (dialectal, obsolescent)
      Cyrillic script: ко̏м, ко̏ма f (marc)
      Latin script: kȍm, kȍma f (marc, dross)
    • Slovene: kom (ball, clump) (dialectal)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

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  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*komъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 179
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ком”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “Ком”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 572
  • kamas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012