Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bolěti
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Proto-Slavic
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- *boljěti (Trubachev (ESSJa))
Etymology
[edit]- Derksen: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰel(H)-; cognate with Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌽 (balwjan, “to martyr”), Old Norse bǫlva (“to curse”), Old Irish bealaim (“to die”). Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₂w- (Ancient Greek φλαῦρος (phlaûros, “bad, inferior”), Old Norse blauðr (“timid”)) alongside *bʰelh₂-.
- Trubachev (ESSJa): Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bel- (“strong”) by taboo replacement; cognate with Sanskrit बल (bálaṃ, “strength, power”), Ancient Greek βελτίων (beltíōn, “better”), Russian большо́й (bolʹšój, “big, great”).
Verb
[edit]- to ache
Inflection
[edit]Conjugation of *bolěti, *bolě, *bolitь (impf., intr., -ě/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-ěti
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*bolěnьje | *bolěti | *bolětъ | *bolělъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | — | — |
Active | *bolěvъ | *bolę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *bolěxъ | *bolě | *bolě | *boľǫ | *boliši | *bolitь |
Dual | *bolěxově | *bolěsta | *bolěste | *bolivě | *bolita | *bolite |
Plural | *bolěxomъ | *bolěste | *bolěšę | *bolimъ | *bolite | *bolętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *bolěaxъ | *bolěaše | *bolěaše | — | *boli | *boli |
Dual | *bolěaxově | *bolěašeta | *bolěašete | *bolivě | *bolita | — |
Plural | *bolěaxomъ | *bolěašete | *bolěaxǫ | *bolimъ | *bolite | — |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Bulgarian: боли́ (bolí), боля́ (boljá, “to be ill”)
- Macedonian: боли (boli)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: bolẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Non-slavic:
- Romanian: boli
Further reading
[edit]- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bolěti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 187
References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bolě̀ti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 51: “v. (c) ‘ache’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “bolěti: boljǫ bolitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c gøre ondt (PR 139)”