Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/laŋit

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *laŋiC.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laŋit/

Noun

*laŋit

1. sky (atmosphere above a point)

Descendants

• Proto-Philippine: *laŋit
  • Alangan: langit
  • Bikol Central: langit
  • Binukid: langit
  • Cebuano: langit
  • Dupaningan Agta: langet
  • Ibanag: langi
  • Ilocano: langit
  • Kankanaey: langit
  • Kayapa Kallahan: langit
  • Limos Kalinga: langit
  • Lubuagan Kalinga: langit
  • Maranao: langit
  • Matigsalug Manobo: langit
  • Southern Kalinga: langit
  • Tagalog: langit
  • Tausug: langit
  • Waray-Waray: langit
• Basap–Barito
  • Basap: langit
  • Sama–Bajaw
    • Inabaknon: langit
    • Yakan: langit
    • Inner Sulu
      • Pangutaran Sama: langit
      • Central Sama: langit
      • Southern Sama: langit
    • Borneo Coast
      • Mapun: langit
      • West Coast Bajau: langit
  • East Barito
    • Tawoyan: langit
    • Ma'anyan: langit
    • Malagasy: lanitra
  • West Barito
    • Ngaju: langit
    • Bakumpai: langit
• North Bornean
  • Northeast Sabah
    • Bonggi: langit
    • Ida'an: langit
  • Southwest Sabah
    • Paitanic
      • Tombonuo: langit
      • Upper Kinabatangan: langit
  • North Sarawak
    • Bintulu: langit
    • Berawan–Lower Baram
      • Belait: langit
    • Dayic
      • Kelabit: langit
      • Lun Bawang: langit
    • Kenyah
      • Bakung: langit
      • Penan
        • Eastern Penan: langit
        • Western Penan: langit
  • Central Sarawak
    • Melanau–Kajang
      • Melanau
        • Central Melanau: langit
        • Kanowit: langit
      • Kajang
        • Kajaman: langit
        • Sekapan: langit
        • Lahanan: langit
    • Punan
      • Punan Aput: langit
      • Punan Bah-Biau: langit
      • Punan Tubu: langit
• Kayanic
  • Kayan–Murik
    • Kayan
      • Busang Kayan: langit
      • Rejang Kayan: langit
      • Bahau: langit
    • Murik–Merap
      • Murik (Malaysia): langit
      • Punan Merap: laŋayc
  • Segai–Modang
    • Segai: langèt
    • Modang: lenget
• Land Dayak
  • Benyadu–Bekati
    • Benyadu': rangit
    • Bekati': rangit
  • Bidayuh
    • Bau Bidayuh: longit
    • Biatah Bidayuh: rangit, rengit
    • Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh: rangit
  • Southern Land Dayak
    • Jangkang: ɣoñɛnt
    • Ribun: hoñiɛ̯ʔ
    • Sanggau: langit
• Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands
  • Batak
    • Northern
      • Karo Batak: langit
      • Dairi Batak: langit
    • Southern
      • Simalungun Batak: langit
      • Toba Batak: langit
      • Angkola Batak: langit
      • Mandailing Batak: langit
  • Gayo: langit
  • Nias: langi
  • Mentawai: langit
• Lampungic
  • Abung: langek
  • Komering: langik
  • Lampung Api: langik, langit
• Malayo-Sumbawan
  • Proto-Chamic: *laŋit
    • Acehnese: langèt
    • Coastal Chamic
      • Haroi: lơngĭk
      • Cham
        • Eastern Cham: ꨤꨊꨪꩀ (langik)
        • Western Cham: لاڠيٓک (langik)
    • Highlands Chamic
      • Chru–Northern Chamic
        • Chru: lơngik
        • Northern Chamic
          • Northern Roglai: langĩq
          • Tsat: ŋiʔ²⁴
    • Jarai–Rhade
      • Jarai: rơngĭt
      • Rade: êngĭt
  • Proto-Malayic: *laŋit
    • Ibanic
      • Iban: langit
      • Keninjal: langit
      • Seberuang: langit
    • Malayan
      • Brunei Malay: langit
      • Kedah Malay: langit
      • Malay: langit
        • Indonesian: langit
      • Minangkabau: langik
      • Pattani Malay: لاڠيء (laŋiʔ)
    • Urak Lawoi': ลาแงะ (langäq)
  • Bali–Sasak
    • Balinese: ᬮᬗᬶᬢ᭄ (langit)
    • Sasak: langit
  • Madurese: langnge'
  • Sundanese: ᮜᮍᮤᮒ᮪ (langit)
• Old Javanese: laṅit
  • Javanese: ꦭꦔꦶꦠ꧀ (langit)
• South Sulawesi
  • Buginese: langiq
  • Makassaric
    • Makasar: langi'
    • Selayar: langi'
  • Northern
    • Mandar: langi'
    • Mamuju: langi'
    • Massenrempulu
      • Duri: langiq
    • Pitu Ulunna Salu
      • Aralle-Tabulahan: langi'
      • Bambam: langi'
    • Torajan
      • Toraja-Sa'dan: langi'
      • Mamasa: langi'
      • Tae': langi
  • Seko
    • Seko Padang: langi
    • Seko Tengah: langiq
• Celebic
  • Saluan–Banggai
    • Balantak: langit
    • Andio: langit
  • Tomini–Tolitoli
    • Tajio: langit
    • Taje: langiti
  • Kaili–Pamona
    • Pamona: yangi
    • Uma: langi'
  • Bungku–Tolaki
    • Mori Atas: langi
    • Moronene: langi
  • Muna–Buton
    • Muna: lani
    • Bonerate: langi
    • Tukang Besi South: langi
• Chamorro: långet
• Palauan: eanged
• Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
  • Central Malayo-Polynesian
    • Bima: langi
    • Sumba–Flores
      • Weyewa: langita
      • Laboya: langta
    • Timoric
      • Galoli: lanit
      • Leti (Indonesia): lianti
      • Luang: lianti
    • Kei–Tanimbar
      • Yamdena: langit
    • Aru
      • Ujir: langit
    • Central Maluku
      • West
        • Ambelau: lanire
        • Buru (Indonesia): langit
      • East
        • East Seram
          • Bobot: lakit
        • Nunusaku
          • Kayeli: langit
          • Patakai–Manusela
            • North Nuaulu: nant-e
          • Three Rivers
            • Alune: lanite
          • Piru Bay
            • Kamarian: lanit
            • Laha (Indonesia): lanita
            • Hitu: lanit
            • Asilulu: lanit
  • Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
    • Halmahera-Cenderawasih
      • Halmahera Sea
        • As: lanit
        • Buli (Indonesia): langit
        • Gane: langit
        • Sawai: langét
      • Cenderawasih Bay
        • Dusner: ranet
        • Roon: ranek
    • Proto-Oceanic: *laŋit
      • Admiralty Islands
        • Manus
          • Intermediate
            • Loniu: lang
            • Mokerang: lang
          • East
            • Nali: yang
            • Ere: lang
            • Titan: lang
            • Lele (New Guinea): yang
            • Gele': langi
        • Yapese: laeng, laang
      • Western Oceanic
        • North New Guinea
          • Huon Gulf
            • Hote: len
            • Patep: lag
          • Ngero–Vitiaz
            • Arop-Lokep: lang
          • Schouten
            • Manam: lang
            • Wogeo: lang
        • Meso-Melanesian
          • Kimbe
            • Nakanai: lagi
            • Meramera: langi
            • Muduapa: langi
          • New Ireland–Northwest Solomonic
            • Tungag–Nalik
              • Tigak: langit
            • Tabar
              • Mandara: rangiti
            • St. George
              • Ramoaaina: langit
              • Siar-Lak: langit
            • Northwest Solomonic
              • Nehan–North Bougainville
                • Solos: nengit
                • Nehan: langit
                • Halia: langits
                • Hakö: ilangit
              • Piva–Bannoni
                • Lawunuia: nanitsi
              • Mono–Uruavan
                • Alu: laiti
                • Uruava: ranisi
              • Choiseul
                • Babatana: rani
                • Varisi: rani
                • Vaghua: rani
                • Ririo: rén
              • New Georgia–Ysabel
                • Simbo: langite
        • Papuan Tip
          • Motu: lai
      • Central-Eastern Oceanic
        • Southeast Solomonic
          • Guadalcanal
            • Talise: langi
          • Makira
            • Arosi: rangi
        • Southern Oceanic
          • Merlav: lang
          • Mafea: tailangi
        • Micronesian
          • Kosraean: lucng
          • Gilbertese: nang
          • Marshallese: lañ
          • Chuukic
            • Chuukese: nang
            • Puluwat: láng
            • Woleaian: lang
          • Pohnpeic
            • Mokilese: loang
            • Pohnpeian: lahng
        • Central Pacific
          • West Fijian–Rotuman
            • Western Fijian: lagi
            • Rotuman: lạgi (long form), lȧg (short form)
          • East Fijian–Polynesian
            • Fijian: lagi
            • Proto-Polynesian: *laŋi
              • Tongic
                • Niuean: lagi
                • Tongan: langi
              • Nuclear Polynesian
                • Samoic–Outlier
                  • Ellicean
                    • Sikaiana: lani
                    • Takuu: rani
                    • Tuvaluan: lagi
                  • Futunic
                    • Anuta: rangi
                    • East Futuna: lagi
                    • Futuna-Aniwa: ragi
                  • Samoic
                    • Samoan: lagi
                    • Tokelauan: lagi
                • Eastern Polynesian
                  • Marquesic
                    • Hawaiian: lani
                      • ⇒ Hawaiian: Lani
                        • → English: Lani
                    • Mangarevan: ragi
                    • North Marquesan: ʻaki
                    • South Marquesan: ʻani
                  • Tahitic
                    • Maori: rangi
                    • Rarotongan: rangi
                    • Tahitian: raʻi
                  • Rapa Nui: ragi, rangi