Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/furi

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *pr̥h₂-i, from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸu.ri/

Preposition

*furi

1. (+accusative, with allative meaning) for, before

Adverb

*furi (comparative *furiz, superlative *furist)

1. before, forward

Related terms

• *furai

Descendants

In most of the daughter languages *furi and *furai had begun to merge in meaning and to varying degrees in form.

• Proto-West Germanic: *furi
  • Old English: for, fore (in meaning, the form from *forē)
    • Middle English: for
      • English: for
      • Scots: for
      • Yola: vor, var
  • Old Frisian: fori, for
    • Saterland Frisian: foar, far
    • West Frisian: foar
  • Old Saxon: furi
    • Middle Low German:
      • Low German: för
  • Old Dutch: furi, fure
    • Middle Dutch: vuere, vuer
      • Dutch: veur (dialectal)
        • Afrikaans: vir
  • Old High German: furi
    • Middle High German: vür
      • Bavarian:

        Cimbrian: büar

        Mòcheno: ver

      • Central Franconian: für, vür (fully merged)
      • German: für
      • Luxembourgish: fir
      • Upper Saxon German: for
      • Yiddish: פֿאַר (far)
• Old Norse: fyrir, fyr (probably with analogical -ir based on eptir, yfir, undir)
  • Icelandic: fyrir
  • Faroese: fyri
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: føre, for, fyre (dated)
  • Old Swedish: fyri(r), for
    • Swedish: före, för
  • Danish: for
• Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂 (faur)

Further reading

• Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN