Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frijōndlīkaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *frijōndz +‎ *-līkaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸri.jɔːnd.liːkɑz/

Adjective

*frijōndlīkaz

1. friendlike; friendly

Inflection

Declension of *frijōndlīkaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*frijōndlīkaz	*frijōndlīkai	*frijōndlīkō	*frijōndlīkôz	*frijōndlīką, -atō	*frijōndlīkō
Accusative	*frijōndlīkanǭ	*frijōndlīkanz	*frijōndlīkǭ	*frijōndlīkōz	*frijōndlīką, -atō	*frijōndlīkō
Genitive	*frijōndlīkas, -is	*frijōndlīkaizǫ̂	*frijōndlīkaizōz	*frijōndlīkaizǫ̂	*frijōndlīkas, -is	*frijōndlīkaizǫ̂
Dative	*frijōndlīkammai	*frijōndlīkaimaz	*frijōndlīkaizōi	*frijōndlīkaimaz	*frijōndlīkammai	*frijōndlīkaimaz
Instrumental	*frijōndlīkanō	*frijōndlīkaimiz	*frijōndlīkaizō	*frijōndlīkaimiz	*frijōndlīkanō	*frijōndlīkaimiz
Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*frijōndlīkô	*frijōndlīkaniz	*frijōndlīkǭ	*frijōndlīkōniz	*frijōndlīkô	*frijōndlīkōnō
Accusative	*frijōndlīkanų	*frijōndlīkanunz	*frijōndlīkōnų	*frijōndlīkōnunz	*frijōndlīkô	*frijōndlīkōnō
Genitive	*frijōndlīkiniz	*frijōndlīkanǫ̂	*frijōndlīkōniz	*frijōndlīkōnǫ̂	*frijōndlīkiniz	*frijōndlīkanǫ̂
Dative	*frijōndlīkini	*frijōndlīkammaz	*frijōndlīkōni	*frijōndlīkōmaz	*frijōndlīkini	*frijōndlīkammaz
Instrumental	*frijōndlīkinē	*frijōndlīkammiz	*frijōndlīkōnē	*frijōndlīkōmiz	*frijōndlīkinē	*frijōndlīkammiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *frijōndlīk
  • Old English: frēondlīċ
    • Middle English: frendlich, freendly, frendly
      • English: friendly
      • Scots: freindly
  • Old Frisian: friōndlik, friūndlik, frūndlik
    • Saterland Frisian: früntelk, fjuntelk
    • West Frisian: freonlik
  • Old Saxon: friundlīk
    • Middle Low German: vrüntlîk, vröntlîk, vrentelîk
      • German Low German: früntelk, frünnelk, fründelk
      • → Swedish: fryntlig
      • → Faroese: fryntligur
  • Old Dutch: *friuntlik, *friuntlik
    • Middle Dutch: vrintlec, vriendelijc
      • Dutch: vriendelijk
      • Limburgish: vruntjelik
  • Old High German: friuntlīh
    • Middle High German: vriuntlich, vrūntlich, friuntlich
      • German: freundlich
      • Yiddish: פֿרײַנדלעך (frayndlekh)
• Proto-Norse:
  • Old Norse: frýnligr, frýniligr
    • Danish: frændelig
    • Icelandic: frýnilegur
    • Norwegian: frendelig