Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/biggos

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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

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Alternative reconstructions

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Etymology

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Uncertain. Matasović, assuming a reconstruction *bekkos, derives this from Proto-Indo-European *bʰég-ko-s, from *bʰeg- (to break) +‎ *-kos.[1] Stifter and Hayden, in addition to Jørgensen, have since proposed *biggos.[3][4]

Adjective

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*biggos

  1. small, little

Inflection

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O/ā-stem
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *biggos *biggou *biggoi
vocative *bigge *biggou *biggoi
accusative *biggom *biggou *biggoms
genitive *biggī *biggous *biggom
dative *biggūi *biggobom *biggobos
instrumental *biggū *biggobim *biggobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *biggā *biggai *biggās
vocative *biggā *biggai *biggās
accusative *biggam *biggai *biggams
genitive *biggās *biggous *biggom
dative *biggai *biggābom *biggābos
instrumental *? *biggābim *biggābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *biggom *biggou *biggā
vocative *biggom *biggou *biggā
accusative *biggom *biggou *biggā
genitive *biggī *biggous *biggom
dative *biggūi *biggobom *biggobos
instrumental *biggū *biggobim *biggobis

Antonyms

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Descendants

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  • Proto-Brythonic: *bɨx
    • Middle Breton: bihan
    • Cornish: byghan
    • Middle Welsh: bych, bach, bychan
  • Old Irish: bec, becc
  • Uncertain:
    • ? Vulgar Latin: *pittus, *piccus (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

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  • Henry, Victor (1900) “bihan”, in Lexique étymologique des termes les plus usuels du breton moderne (Bibliothèque bretonne armoricaine; III) (in French), Rennes: J. Plihon et L. Hervé, page 35

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bekko-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 60
  2. ^ Martínez Estévez, Higinio (1996) Ensayo de gramática del céltico antiguo común (in Spanish), Buenos Aires, page 48
  3. ^ Hayden, Deborah, Stifter, David (2022) “The lexicography and etymology of OIr. eclas”, in North American journal of Celtic studies, volume 6, number 2, Project Muse, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 236–250
  4. ^ Jørgensen, Anders Richardt (2022) “Celtic”, in The Indo-European Language Family, Cambridge University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 135–151