-den
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "den"
Old English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-den
Turkish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـدن (-den), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـدن (-den), from Proto-Turkic *-den.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]preceding vowel | ||
---|---|---|
A / I / O / U | E / İ / Ö / Ü | |
default | -dan | -den |
assimilated | -tan | -ten |
-den
- Used to form ablative of nouns.
- of, from (indicating cause)
- through, out of
- Kitabını pencereden attı. ― They chucked their book out of the window.
- without (with verbs, after -me)
- Synonym: -siz (with nouns)
- kâğıt harcamadan işini yapsana? ― could you do your job without wasting paper?
- than
- taş tüyden ağırdır. ― a rock is heavier than a feather. (more natural-sounding)
- taş tüyden daha ağırdır. ― a rock is heavier than a feather. (less natural-sounding)
- o kadın o adamdan burada daha uzun çalıştı. ― that woman has worked here for longer than that man. (more natural-sounding)
- o kadın o adamdan uzun burada çalıştı. ― that woman has worked here for longer than that man. (less natural-sounding)
Usage notes
[edit]- It must be used with an apostrophe while forming a proper noun.
- (sense 5): Modifiers such as daha ("more") are optional in this sense to express comparativity. Despite both being grammatically correct, daha is more commonly used in longer sentences and not as much in copulative sentences. When daha is omitted, one should generally try to avoid putting another word between the adjective and whichever word has taken the ablative.
Categories:
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English non-lemma forms
- Old English suffix forms
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Old Anatolian Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish suffixes
- Turkish inflectional suffixes
- Turkish terms with usage examples