-TʼOD

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Etymology 1

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Exact identification of the root is difficult.

Possibly cognate with -TʼÓÓD (to suck) from Proto-Athabaskan *tʼutʼ (to suck, or muddy matter moves) describing the subject's mud-like texture. Compare Ahtna kultʼotʼ (ground is soft), Koyukon xɑltʼut (area is muddy), Tsuut'ina -t’ùd-ā (to be boiled soft), Tsuut'ina -t’ùh-ā (to be silky, velvety).

Alternatively, cognate with -TʼÓÓD (to tear) from Proto-Athabaskan *tʼučʼ (to peel, to strip), describing the subject's tearing apart from being too soft or overboiled.

Root

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-TʼOD

  1. to be soft, tender, flexible, over-boiled
Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
di + ∅

S is soft, over-boiled

S over-boils O

Stem set

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Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -tʼod -tʼod -tʼoł -tʼod -tʼod
CONT -tʼood - - - -
NEUT -tʼódí - - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms
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to be soft:

Derived terms
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Navajo terms belonging to the root -TʼOD (soft)

Etymology 2

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Perhaps from Proto-Athabaskan *tʼʊɢ (to shoot an arrow), with an irregular coda evolution (*-g> or -h would be expected). The original velar resurfaces in béésh astʼogii (flint arrowhead). See -TʼOH for the regularly derived root.

Alternatively, from Proto-Athabaskan *tʼut’ (to suck). Compare Koyukon utʼʊtʼ (it sticks by suction, (fabric) sticks to the needle). See -TʼÓÓD for the regularly derived root.

Root

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-TʼOD

  1. arrow is stuck (into flesh)
Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)

S is stuck in P

Derived terms
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Navajo terms belonging to the root -TʼOD (stuck arrow)