-도록

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See also: 도록

Korean

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Etymology

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First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄃᆞ〮록〮 (Yale: -tólwók). The suffix also appeared as the modern form 도〮록〮 (Yale: -twólwók) as far back as in the fifteenth century.

The Idu spelling 巴只 (*-twolwok) is attested from earlier.

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?dorok
Revised Romanization (translit.)?dolog
McCune–Reischauer?torok
Yale Romanization?tolok

Suffix

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도록 (-dorok)

  1. so that, so as to: a suffix used to indicate a purpose, goal of a certain action.
    죄송합니다. 앞으로 늦지 도록 습니다!
    Joesonghamnida. Apeuro neutji antorok ha-get-seumnida!
    I apologize. From now on, I will try (so as) not to be late!
    우리 을 수 있도록 ...
    Uri-do deureul su itdorok mal jom keu-ge hae...
    Speak up so that we can also hear you...
  2. to: a suffix used to show a degree, extent of an action.
    노래 죽도록 불렀어요.
    Norae-reul jukdorok bulleosseoyo.
    I sang to death.
  3. until: a suffix used to indicate that an action lasted until a certain point in time (likely until a certain state has nearly finished).
    밤늦도록bamneutdorokuntil late at night
    밤새도록bamsaedorokuntil the morning came
  4. a plain-style imperative suffix.

Usage notes

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  • 도록 (-dorok) is more common in the written language.
  • 도록 (-dorok) is mostly interchangeable with (-ge) with no significant difference in meaning except in the third sense, where (-ge) would be considered grammatically incorrect.

See also

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