-арь

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Russian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ařь.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-арь or -а́рь (-arʹ or -árʹ)

  1. Suffix added to nouns, verbs and adjectives to form masculine agent nouns, sometimes inanimate: -er, -or
    апте́ка (aptéka, pharmacy) + ‎-арь (-arʹ) → ‎апте́карь (aptékarʹ, pharmacist)
    бунт (bunt, riot, mutiny) + ‎-а́рь (-árʹ) → ‎бунта́рь (buntárʹ, rebel)
    виногра́д (vinográd, grapes (collective); vintage) + ‎-арь (-arʹ) → ‎виногра́дарь (vinográdarʹ, winegrower)
    очки́ (očkí, glasses) + ‎-а́рь (-árʹ) → ‎очка́рь (očkárʹ, (colloquial, pejorative) four-eyes (person wearing glasses))
    те́хника (téxnika, engineering; technology; technique) + ‎-а́рь (-árʹ) → ‎техна́рь (texnárʹ, (colloquial) technician; student in a technical institute; athlete with technical virtuosity; technical defeat)
    сло́во (slóvo, word) + ‎-а́рь (-árʹ) → ‎слова́рь (slovárʹ, dictionary)
    паха́ть (paxátʹ, to plow) + ‎-арь (-arʹ) → ‎па́харь (páxarʹ, plowman)
    писа́ть (pisátʹ, to write) + ‎-арь (-arʹ) → ‎пи́сарь (písarʹ, clerk; scribe)
    еба́ть (jebátʹ, (vulgar) to fuck) + ‎-арь (-arʹ) → ‎ёбарь (jóbarʹ, (vulgar) fucker; stud; boyfriend, lover)
    ди́кий (díkij, wild, savage) + ‎-а́рь (-árʹ) → ‎дика́рь (dikárʹ, savage)
    сухо́й (suxój, dry) + ‎-арь (-arʹ) → ‎суха́рь (suxárʹ, piece of dried bread or similar (cracker, crouton, etc.); (colloquial) dried-up, boring person)
    тупо́й (tupój, stupid) + ‎-а́рь (-árʹ) → ‎тупа́рь (tupárʹ, (colloquial) stupid person)

Usage notes

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  • This suffix frequently forms colloquialisms.
  • When added to nouns and adjectives, the suffix is more commonly stressed (with ending stress in all inflections), but added to verbs, it is normally unstressed.
  • Some nouns added to verbs have an alternative plural in -а́, with plural inflections having ending stress (accent pattern c). Examples are то́карь (tókarʹ, turner, lathe operator) and (archaicly) пи́сарь (písarʹ, clerk, scribe).

Declension

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sometimes also:

Derived terms

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See also

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