𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœ

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Gothic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *firinƍną. By surface analysis, 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđŒ° (fairina) +‎ -đ‰đŒœ (-ƍn).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈfɛrinoːn/

Verb

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𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœ ‱ (fairinƍn)

  1. to accuse, blame
    • 2 Corinthians 8:20:
      đŒ±đŒčđ…đŒ°đŒœđŒłđŒŸđŒ°đŒœđŒłđŒ°đŒœđƒ 𐌾𐌰𐍄𐌰, đŒčđŒ±đŒ°đŒč 𐍈𐌰𐍃 đŒżđŒœđƒ 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒč đŒčđŒœ 𐌳đŒčđŒČ𐍂𐌮đŒčđŒœ 𐌾đŒčđŒ¶đŒ°đŒč đŒ°đŒœđŒłđŒ±đŒ°đŒ·đ„đŒčđŒłđ‰đŒœ đ†đ‚đŒ°đŒŒ đŒżđŒœđƒ;
      biwandjandans ĂŸata, ibai ƕas uns fairinƍdēdi in digrein ĂŸizai andbahtidƍn fram uns;
      Avoiding this, that no man should blame us in this abundance which is administered by us: (KJV)
    • 2 Timothy 3:3:
      đŒżđŒœđŒ·đŒżđŒœđƒđŒ»đŒ°đŒČ𐌰đŒč, đŒżđŒœđŒŒđŒčđŒ»đŒłđŒŸđŒ°đŒč, 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒłđŒ°đŒœđƒ, đŒżđŒœđŒČđŒ°đŒ·đŒ°đŒ±đŒ°đŒœđŒłđŒ°đŒœđƒ 𐍃đŒčđŒș, đŒżđŒœđŒŒđŒ°đŒœđŒ°đ‚đŒčđŒČ𐍅𐌰đŒč, đŒżđŒœđƒđŒŽđŒ»đŒŸđŒ°đŒč,
      unhunslagai, unmildjai, fairinƍndans, ungahabandans sik, unmanarigwai, unsēljai,
      Without natural affection, trucebreakers, false accusers, incontinent, fierce, despisers of those that are good, (KJV)
  2. to attack (used to translate a metaphorical use of ÎșÎ±Ï„Î”ÏƒÎžÎŻÏ‰ (katesthíƍ, “eat up, devour”))
    • Galatians 5:15:
      đŒč𐌾 đŒŸđŒ°đŒ±đŒ°đŒč đŒčđŒ¶đ…đŒč𐍃 đŒŒđŒč𐍃𐍃𐍉 đŒ±đŒŽđŒč𐍄đŒč𐌾 đŒŸđŒ°đŒ· 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒž, 𐍃𐌰đŒč𐍈đŒč𐌾, đŒčđŒ±đŒ°đŒč đ†đ‚đŒ°đŒŒ đŒčđŒ¶đ…đŒč𐍃 đŒŒđŒč𐍃𐍃𐍉 đ†đ‚đŒ°đŒ”đŒčđŒŒđŒ°đŒčđŒœđŒłđŒ°đŒż.
      iĂŸ jabai izwis missƍ beitiĂŸ jah fairrinĆĂŸ, saiƕiĂŸ, ibai fram izwis missƍ fraqimaindau.
      But if ye bite and devour one another, take heed that ye be not consumed one of another. (KJV)

Conjugation

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A variant spelling 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒž (fairrinĆĂŸ) is attested instead of the expected (and unattested) spelling 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒž (fairinĆĂŸ).

Class 2 weak
Infinitive 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœ
fairinƍn
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰
fairinƍ
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒ°
fairinƍda
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒ°
fairinƍda
2nd singular 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đƒ
fairinƍs
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđƒ
fairinƍdēs
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒ¶đŒ°
fairinƍza
3rd singular 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒž
fairinĆĂŸ
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒ°
fairinƍda
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒ°
fairinƍda
1st dual 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đƒ
fairinƍs
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒż
fairinƍdēdu
2nd dual 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đ„đƒ
fairinƍts
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒżđ„đƒ
fairinƍdēduts
1st plural 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒŒ
fairinƍm
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒżđŒŒ
fairinƍdēdum
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒłđŒ°
fairinƍnda
2nd plural 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒž
fairinĆĂŸ
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒżđŒž
fairinƍdēduĂŸ
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒłđŒ°
fairinƍnda
3rd plural 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒł
fairinƍnd
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒżđŒœ
fairinƍdēdun
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒłđŒ°
fairinƍnda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰
fairinƍ
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒŸđŒ°đŒż
fairinƍdēdjau
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒ°đŒż
fairinƍdau
2nd singular 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đƒ
fairinƍs
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒŽđŒč𐍃
fairinƍdēdeis
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒ¶đŒ°đŒż
fairinƍzau
3rd singular 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰
fairinƍ
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒč
fairinƍdēdi
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒ°đŒż
fairinƍdau
1st dual 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đ…đŒ°
fairinƍwa
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒŽđŒč𐍅𐌰
fairinƍdēdeiwa
2nd dual 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đ„đƒ
fairinƍts
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒŽđŒč𐍄𐍃
fairinƍdēdeits
1st plural 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒŒđŒ°
fairinƍma
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒŽđŒčđŒŒđŒ°
fairinƍdēdeima
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒłđŒ°đŒż
fairinƍndau
2nd plural 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒž
fairinĆĂŸ
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒŽđŒč𐌾
fairinƍdēdeiĂŸ
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒłđŒ°đŒż
fairinƍndau
3rd plural 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒ°
fairinƍna
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒŽđŒłđŒŽđŒčđŒœđŒ°
fairinƍdēdeina
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒłđŒ°đŒż
fairinƍndau
Imperative
2nd singular 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰
fairinƍ
3rd singular 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒłđŒ°đŒż
fairinƍdau
2nd dual 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đ„đƒ
fairinƍts
2nd plural 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒž
fairinĆĂŸ
3rd plural 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒłđŒ°đŒż
fairinƍndau
Present Past
Participles 𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒœđŒłđƒ
fairinƍnds
𐍆𐌰đŒč𐍂đŒčđŒœđ‰đŒžđƒ
fairinĆĂŸs

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitĂ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 31