群臣

Chinese

		crowd; flock; group	statesman; vassal; courtier statesman; vassal; courtier; minister; official
trad. (群臣/羣臣)		群/羣	臣
simp. (群臣)		群	臣

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qúnchén

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄔㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwan⁴ san⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qúnchén
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄔㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyúnchén
    • Wade–Giles: chʻün²-chʻên²
    • Yale: chyún-chén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyunchern
    • Palladius: цюньчэнь (cjunʹčɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kwan⁴ san⁴
    • Yale: kwàhn sàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwan⁴ san⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: kuen⁴ sen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐn²¹ sɐn²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: gjun dzyin

Rime
Character	群	臣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	文 (59)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	渠云切	植鄰切
Baxter	gjun	dzyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨun/	/d͡ʑiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiun/	/d͡ʑin/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuən/	/d͡ʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gun/	/d͡ʑin/
Li Rong	/ɡiuən/	/ʑiĕn/
Wang Li	/ɡĭuən/	/ʑĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯uən/	/ʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qún	chén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kwan4	san4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ur  [ɡ]i[ŋ]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡlun  ɡiŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	群	臣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qún	chén
Middle Chinese	‹ gjun ›	‹ dzyin ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ur/	/*[ɡ]i[ŋ]/
English	flock, herd, group	slave, subject
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	群	臣
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7295	1342
Phonetic component	君	臣
Rime group	文	眞
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	羣	辰
Old Chinese	/*ɡlun/	/*ɡiŋ/
Notes	羣字所注或體	甲文臧象以戈刺目爲奴， 省戈表不刺者則爲臣， 專指役使於家內者

Noun

群臣

1. large number of officials

   • 群臣百有餘人皆絕去其冠纓而上火，卒盡懽而罷。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     群臣百有余人皆绝去其冠缨而上火，卒尽欢而罢。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: c. 77 B.C.E., 劉向 (Liu Xiang), 《說苑》 (Garden of Stories), chapter 6

     Qúnchén bǎi yǒuyú rén jiē jué qù qí guānyīng ér shànghuǒ, zú jìn huān ér bà. [Pinyin]

     After more than 100 ministers removed the cords which held their headpieces in place, all of the candles were relit. All of the king's subjects were happy, and that was the end of it.

Synonyms

• (archaic) 朋友 (péngyǒu)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (群臣):

• → Japanese: 群臣(ぐんしん) (gunshin)
• → Korean: 군신(群臣) (gunsin)
• → Vietnamese: quần thần (群臣)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
群	臣
ぐん Grade: 4	しん Grade: 4
on'yomi

Noun

群(ぐん)臣(しん) • (gunshin) 

1. a large number of retainers