炭素

Chinese

		charcoal	plain; element
trad. (炭素)		炭	素
simp. #(炭素)		炭	素

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 炭(たん)素(そ) (tanso).

Pronunciation

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thòaⁿ-sò͘

---

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòaⁿ-sò͘
    • Tâi-lô: thuànn-sòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tvoarsox
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰuã¹¹⁻⁵³ sɔ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰuã²¹⁻⁴¹ sɔ²¹/

Noun

炭素

1. (Taiwanese Hokkien) carbon

   • 卵白質，伊ê成分是炭素，水素，酸素，窒素，伊ê路用是會hō͘人ê身軀得著勢力，也是hō͘細胞加添新ê。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
     卵白质，伊ê成分是炭素，水素，酸素，窒素，伊ê路用是会hō͘人ê身躯得着势力，也是hō͘细胞加添新ê。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 1926, 張基全 (Tiuⁿ Ki-chôan), 酒佮健康 (Chiú kap Kiān-khong)

     Nn̄g-pe̍h-chit, i ê sêng-hun sī Thàn-sò͘, Chúi-sò͘, Sng-sò͘, Chek-sò͘, i ê lō͘-ēng sī ōe hō͘ lâng ê seng-khu tit-tio̍h sè-le̍k, iā sī hō͘ sè-pau ke-thiⁿ sin--ê. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     Protein: its composition is carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen; it is used to give energy to the human body and to regenerate cells.

Synonyms

• 碳 (tàn)

References

• 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “炭素”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎^[1], volume 2 (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC, page 428

Japanese

Chemical element
C
Previous: ホウ素(そ) (hōso) (ホウ素(そ) (hōso)) (B)
Next: 窒(ちっ)素(そ) (chisso) (窒(ちっ)素(そ) (chisso)) (N)

Kanji in this term
炭	素
たん Grade: 3	そ Grade: 5
on’yomi	kan’on

Etymology

Compound of 炭 (tan, “coal”) +‎ 素 (so, “element”), calque of Dutch koolstof (literally “coal stuff”), from German Kohlenstoff. Compare also Luxembourgish Kuelestoff, Danish kulstof. Coined by Japanese scientist Udagawa Yōan in 1834 in his book 遠西医方名物考補遺 (“炭素”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) た​んそ [táꜜǹsò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [tã̠ɰ̃so̞]

Noun

炭(たん)素(そ) • (tanso) 

1. carbon (chemical element)

   Synonym: カーボン (kābon)

Derived terms

• 一(いっ)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (issanka tanso, “carbon monoxide”)
• 一(いっ)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ)中(ちゅう)毒(どく) (issanka tanso chūdoku, “carbon monoxide poisoning”)
• 二(に)硫(りゅう)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (niryūka tanso, “carbon disulfide”)
• 二(に)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (nisanka tanso, “carbon dioxide”)
• 二(に)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ)削(さく)減(げん)目(もく)標(ひょう) (nisanka tanso sakugen mokuhyō, “CO₂ reduction goal”)
• 二(に)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ)削(さく)減(げん)義(ざ)務(む) (nisanka tanso sakugen zamu, “carbon dioxide reduction obligation”)
• 二(に)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ)排(はい)出(しゅつ)権(けん) (nisanka tanso haishutsuken, “right to emit carbon dioxide”)
• 含(がん)水(すい)炭(たん)素(そ) (gansui tanso, “carbohydrate”)
• 四(し)塩(えん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (shienka tanso, “carbon tetrachloride”)
• 放(ほう)射(しゃ)性(せい)炭(たん)素(そ) (hōshasei tanso, “radiocarbon”)
• 放(ほう)射(しゃ)性(せい)炭(たん)素(そ)年(ねん)代(だい)測(そく)定(てい) (hōshasei tanso nendai sokutei, “radiocarbon dating”)
• 次(じ)酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (jisanka tanso, “carbon suboxide”)
• 炭(たん)素(そ )14(じゅうし) (tanso jūshi, “carbon-14”)
• 炭(たん)素(そ )14(じゅうし)法( ほう) (tanso jūshi hō, “carbon-14 dating”)
• 炭(たん)素(そ)クレジット (tanso kurejitto, “carbon credit”)
• 炭(たん)素(そ)中(ちゅう)立(りつ) (tanso chūritsu, “carbon-neutral”)
• 炭(たん)素(そ)化(か)合(ごう)物(ぶつ) (tanso kagōbutsu, “carbon compounds”)
• 炭(たん)素(そ)税(ぜい) (tansozei, “carbon tax”)
• 炭(たん)素(そ)繊(せん)維(い) (tanso sen'i, “carbon fiber”)
• 炭(たん)素(そ)鋼(こう) (tansokō, “carbon steel”)
• 無(む)定(てい)形(けい)炭(たん)素(そ) (muteikei tanso, “amorphous carbon”)
• 酸(さん)化(か)炭(たん)素(そ) (sanka tanso, “oxide of carbon”)
• 高(こう)炭(たん)素(そ)鋼(こう) (kōtansokō, “high-carbon steel”)

 

Descendants

• → Korean: 탄소 (tanso)
• → Min Nan: 炭素 (thòaⁿ-sò͘)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
炭	素

Noun

炭素 • (tanso) (hangeul 탄소)

1. Hanja form^? of 탄소 (“carbon”).