妍

See also: 姸

妍 U+598D, 妍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-598D ← 妌 [U+598C] CJK Unified Ideographs 妎 → [U+598E]

Translingual

Han character

妍 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女一廿 (VMT), four-corner 4144₀, composition ⿰女开)

Derived characters

• 𡌎

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 256, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6075
• Dae Jaweon: page 520, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1029, character 7
• Unihan data for U+598D

Chinese

trad.		妍
simp. #		妍
alternative forms		姸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (幵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
笄	*kŋeː
枅	*kŋeː
蚈	*kŋeː, *ŋ̊ʰeːn
羿	*ŋeːs
栞	*ŋ̊ʰaːn
雃	*ŋaːn, *ŋ̊ʰeːn
詽	*ŋreːn, *tŋ̊ʰeːn
揅	*ŋeːn
幵	*kŋeːn
鳽	*kŋeːn, *ŋeːn, *ŋ̊ʰreːŋ, *ŋreːɡ
豣	*kŋeːn, *ŋeːns
麉	*kŋeːn, *ŋ̊ʰeːn
趼	*kŋeːnʔ, *ŋeːn, *ŋeːns
汧	*ŋ̊ʰeːn, *ŋ̊ʰeːns
岍	*ŋ̊ʰeːn
研	*ŋɡeːn, *ŋeːns
妍	*ŋeːn
訮	*hŋeːn
鈃	*ɡeːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋeːn) : semantic 女 + phonetic 幵 (OC *kŋeːn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yán (yan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jin⁴
• Eastern Min (BUC): ngiĕng
• Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): ngiêng⁵
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹gni

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yán
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yán
    • Wade–Giles: yen²
    • Yale: yán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jin⁴
    • Yale: yìhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jin⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngiĕng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋieŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngiêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngiêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋieŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹gni
    • MiniDict: nyi^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹'nyi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲi⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngen

Rime
Character	妍
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	五堅切
Baxter	ngen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋen/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋen/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɛn/
Li Rong	/ŋen/
Wang Li	/ŋien/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jin4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤe[r]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋeːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	妍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yán
Middle Chinese	‹ ngen ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ˁe[r]/
English	beautiful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	妍
Reading #	1/1
No.	6172
Phonetic component	幵
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	姸
Old Chinese	/*ŋeːn/

Definitions

妍

1. (literary) bright, colorful and beautiful

Usage notes

Besides compounds, this character is also frequently used in personal names now.

Compounds

• 不辨妍媸
• 妍倡
• 妍唱
• 妍媚
• 妍媸
• 妍暖
• 妍皮痴骨
• 妍蒨
• 妍麗／妍丽
• 嫶妍
• 捧心妍
• 暄妍 (xuānyán)
• 桃李爭妍／桃李争妍
• 桃柳爭妍／桃柳争妍
• 爭奇鬥妍／争奇斗妍
• 爭妍／争妍 (zhēngyán)
• 爭妍獻媚／争妍献媚
• 爭妍鬥奇／争妍斗奇
• 爭妍鬥豔／争妍斗艳 (zhēngyándòuyàn)
• 百花爭妍／百花争妍 (bǎihuāzhēngyán)
• 盡態極妍／尽态极妍
• 纖妍／纤妍
• 豐妍／丰妍
• 鮮妍／鲜妍

 

References

• “妍”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

妍

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): けん (ken); げん (gen)
• Kun: うつくしい (utsukushī)

Korean

Hanja

妍 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

妍: Hán Nôm readings: ngơn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.