外國

See also: 外国

Chinese

		outside; in addition; foreign outside; in addition; foreign; external	country; state; nation
trad. (外國)		外	國
simp. (外国)		外	国
alternative forms		歪國／歪国 humorous
anagram		國外／国外

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): wàiguó

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): вэгуй (veguy, III-I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngoi⁶ gwok³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngoi-koet
• Northern Min (KCR): ngṳē-gŏ
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): gōa-kok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ghua⁷ gog⁴

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶nga-koq

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wàiguó
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wàiguó
    • Wade–Giles: wai⁴-kuo²
    • Yale: wài-gwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: waygwo
    • Palladius: вайго (vajgo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /waɪ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: вэгуй (veguy, III-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /vɛ⁴⁴ kuei²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngoi⁶ gwok³
    • Yale: ngoih gwok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngoi⁶ gwok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngoi⁶ guog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːi̯²² kʷɔːk̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngoi-koet
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngoi gued`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngoi⁴ gued⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ku̯et̚²/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngṳē-gŏ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋyɛ⁵⁵ ko²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gōa-kok
    • Tâi-lô: guā-kok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goaxkog
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡua²²⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡua⁴¹⁻²² kɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡua²²⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡua³³⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡua³³⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ghua⁷ gog⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: guā kok
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɡua¹¹ kok̚²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶nga-koq
    • MiniDict: nga^去 koh
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nga-koq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ŋa²² koʔ⁴⁴/

Noun

外國

1. foreign country

   外國朋友／外国朋友  ―  wàiguó péngyou  ―  foreign friends

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 外國 (“foreign country”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		夷, 番邦, 異邦
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		外國, 異國, 異邦, 外邦, 外域, 異國他鄉
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	外國
	Taiwan	外國
Cantonese	Hong Kong	外國
Northern Min	Jian'ou	外國
Southern Min	Xiamen	外國, 番邦 dated
	Quanzhou	外國, 番邦 dated
	Jinjiang	外國
	Manila (Hokkien)	外國
Wu	Shanghai	外國

Derived terms

• 外國人／外国人 (wàiguórén)
• 外國話／外国话 (wàiguóhuà)
• 外國語／外国语 (wàiguóyǔ)
• 外國貨／外国货 (wàiguóhuò)

 

See also

• 外語／外语 (wàiyǔ)

Further reading

• “Entry #1537”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
外	國
がい Grade: 2	こく Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡa̠iko̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

外(がい)國(こく) • (gaikoku) 

1. Kyūjitai form of 外国: foreign country

Korean

Hanja in this term
外	國

Noun

外國 • (oeguk) (hangeul 외국)

1. Hanja form^? of 외국 (“foreign country”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
外	國

Noun

外國

1. chữ Hán form of ngoại quốc (“foreign country”).