اندام
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Persian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- هندام (handâm or hendâm)
Etymology
[edit]Akin to Middle Persian hndʾm (handām, “member, limb”) (whence هندام (handâm)), Manichaean Parthian [Manichaean needed] (hndʾm /handām/, “limb, member; part, section”), Northern Kurdish endam, Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬧𐬛𐬁𐬨𐬀 (haṇdāma, “limb”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“together”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put”) + *-mn̥.
Compare also Arabic هِنْدَام (hindām) (whence هندام (hendâm)), Old Armenian անդամ (andam), Classical Mandaic ࡄࡀࡍࡃࡀࡌࡀ (handāmā), Aramaic הדמא (haddāmā), Classical Syriac ܗܕܡܐ (haddāmā), Iranian borrowings.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʔan.ˈdɑːm]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæn̪.d̪ɒ́ːm]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔän̪.d̪ɔ́m]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | andām |
| Dari reading? | andām |
| Iranian reading? | andâm |
| Tajik reading? | andom |
Noun
[edit]| Dari | اندام |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | андом |
اندام • (andâm) (plural اندامها (andâm-hâ))
Derived terms
[edit]- اندامی (andâmi)
- خوشاندام (xoš-andâm)
- درشتاندام (dorošt-andâm)
- میانهاندام (miyâne-andâm)
- عرض اندام ('arz-e andâm)
- عرض اندام کردن ('arz-e andâm kardan)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “اندام”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “handām”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 41
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “անդամ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 187b
- Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 864