أكاف

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Arabic

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أُكاف

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Aramaic אוּכָּפָא / ܐܽܘܟܳܦܴܐ (ʾukkāp̄ā) from which also Hebrew אֻכָּף (ʾukkāp̄), from Akkadian 𒌑𒂵𒁁 (ukāpu, saddlecloth).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʔuk.kaːf/, /ʔu.kaːf/

Noun

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أُكَّاف or أُكَاف (ʔukkāf or ʔukāfm (plural أُكُف (ʔukuf) or آكِفَة (ʔākifa)) (obsolete)

  1. (countable) a saddle, a packsaddle (typically of an ass)
    Synonym: بَرْدَعَة (bardaʕa)
    Coordinate term: سَرْج (sarj)
    • 1904 March 18, Muḥammad Rašīd Riḍā, “كلمة ثانية في أهل الذمة”, in Al-Manar:
      ثم كتب إليه عمر أن تختم في رقاب أهل الذمة بالرصاص، ويظهروا مناطقهم، ويجزوا نواصيهم، ويركبوا على الأكف - جمع أكاف وهو البردعة - عرضًا، ولا يضربوا الجزية إلا على من جرت عليه المواسي، ولا يضربوا على النساء، ولا على الولدان ولا يتشبهوا بالمسلمين.
      Then ʾUmar wrote him that the necks of the Dhimmis are to be stamped and marked with lead, that they [the Dhimmis] are to show their [distinguishing] girdles and shave their forelocks, and [that] they [must] [always] ride on ʾukuf (the plural of ʾukkāf, which is the saddle of a donkey or a mule) horizontally. [He also wrote] that they [the Muslim governors] [must] not levy the Jizya except on those whom razors have scraped, nor should they levy it on women and children, and that they [the Dhimmis] [must] never look like the Muslims [in their looks, clothing, and behavior].

Declension

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References

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  • ˀwkp”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 105–106
  • Wagner, Max (1966) Die lexikalischen und grammatikalischen Aramaismen im alttestamentlichen Hebräisch (Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft; 96) (in German), Berlin: Alfred Töpelmann, →ISBN, page 24