χάρις
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See also: Χάρις
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the same root as χαίρω (khaírō, “to be happy”).[1] In the religious sense, it was first used in the Septuagint as a semantic loan from Biblical Hebrew חֵן (ḥēn)
, for instance in Genesis 6:8:
- וְנֹ֕חַ מָ֥צָא חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃
- wə-nōaḥ māṣāʾ ḥēn bə-ʿēynēy yəhwāh.
- And Noah found grace in the eyes of YHWH.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kʰá.ris/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkʰa.ris/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈxa.ris/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈxa.ris/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈxa.ris/
Noun
[edit]χᾰ́ρῐς • (kháris) f (genitive χᾰ́ρῐτος); third declension
- beauty, elegance, charm, grace
- favourable disposition towards someone: grace, favor, goodwill
- gratitude, thanks
- Synonym: μοῖτος (moîtos)
- influence (opposite force)
- gratification, delight
Usage notes
[edit]The irregular accusative singular χάριν (khárin) is far more common, but χάριτα (khárita) is used in later works. There is also an alternate dative plural: χαρίτεσσι (kharítessi).
Declension
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ χᾰ́ρῐς hē kháris |
τὼ χᾰ́ρῐτε tṑ khárite |
αἱ χᾰ́ρῐτες hai khárites | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς χᾰ́ρῐτος tês kháritos |
τοῖν χᾰρῐ́τοιν toîn kharítoin |
τῶν χᾰρῐ́των tôn kharítōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ χᾰ́ρῐτῐ têi kháriti |
τοῖν χᾰρῐ́τοιν toîn kharítoin |
ταῖς χᾰ́ρῐσῐ / χᾰ́ρῐσῐν taîs khárisi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν χᾰ́ρῐν / χᾰ́ρῐτα tḕn khárin / khárita |
τὼ χᾰ́ρῐτε tṑ khárite |
τᾱ̀ς χᾰ́ρῐτᾰς tā̀s kháritas | ||||||||||
Vocative | χᾰ́ρῐ khári |
χᾰ́ρῐτε khárite |
χᾰ́ρῐτες khárites | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χάρις”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1615
Further reading
[edit]- “χάρις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “χάρις”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “χάρις”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- χάρις in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- χάρις in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “χάρις”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5485 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- allurement idem, page 25.
- amenity idem, page 27.
- attraction idem, page 51.
- benefaction idem, page 73.
- bias idem, page 78.
- boon idem, page 89.
- bounty idem, page 91.
- charm idem, page 126.
- daintiness idem, page 193.
- elegance idem, page 265.
- enchantment idem, page 270.
- fancifulness idem, page 306.
- fascination idem, page 308.
- favour idem, page 311.
- grace idem, page 368.
- gracefulness idem, page 368.
- graciousness idem, page 368.
- gratefulness idem, page 370.
- gratitude idem, page 371.
- indulgence idem, page 435.
- kindness idem, page 469.
- magic idem, page 507.
- niceness idem, page 558.
- obligation idem, page 565.
- offering idem, page 571.
- office idem, page 571.
- pleasantness idem, page 619.
- polish idem, page 624.
- politeness idem, page 625.
- popularity idem, page 626.
- prettiness idem, page 638.
- recognition idem, page 680.
- refinement idem, page 684.
- seductiveness idem, page 748.
- service idem, page 755.
- sweetness idem, page 848.
- taste idem, page 856.
- tastefulness idem, page 856.
- thank-offering idem, page 863.
- thankfulness idem, page 863.
- thanks idem, page 863.
- turn idem, page 901.
- winsomeness idem, page 982.
- witchery idem, page 983.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰer- (yearn)
- Ancient Greek semantic loans from Biblical Hebrew
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Biblical Hebrew
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension
- grc:Judaism
- grc:Christianity