χάραξ
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The formation is similar to κάμαξ (kámax, “vine pole, prop”) and πίναξ (pínax, “board, plank”), and the traditional connection with Lithuanian žer̃ti (“to scrape”) does not explain the Greek formation. In view of the suffix, the word is most probably Pre-Greek; see χαράσσω (kharássō, “to sharpen, engrave”) for more.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kʰá.raks/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkʰa.raks/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈxa.raks/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈxa.raks/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈxa.raks/
Noun
[edit]χάραξ • (khárax) m or f (genitive χάρᾰκος); third declension
- pointed stake
- pole, vine prop
- Synonym: κάμαξ (kámax)
- pale used in fortifying the entrenchments of a camp
- palisade
- Synonym: σκόλοψ (skólops)
- cutting, slip
- a kind of bream of the genus Sargus
- name of a bandage
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ, ἡ χᾰ́ρᾰξ ho, hē khárax |
τὼ χᾰ́ρᾰκε tṑ khárake |
οἱ, αἱ χᾰ́ρᾰκες hoi, hai khárakes | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ, τῆς χᾰ́ρᾰκος toû, tês khárakos |
τοῖν χᾰρᾰ́κοιν toîn kharákoin |
τῶν χᾰρᾰ́κων tôn kharákōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ, τῇ χᾰ́ρᾰκῐ tôi, têi kháraki |
τοῖν χᾰρᾰ́κοιν toîn kharákoin |
τοῖς, ταῖς χᾰ́ρᾰξῐ / χᾰ́ρᾰξῐν toîs, taîs kháraxi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν, τὴν χᾰ́ρᾰκᾰ tòn, tḕn kháraka |
τὼ χᾰ́ρᾰκε tṑ khárake |
τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς χᾰ́ρᾰκᾰς toùs, tā̀s khárakas | ||||||||||
Vocative | χᾰ́ρᾰξ khárax |
χᾰ́ρᾰκε khárake |
χᾰ́ρᾰκες khárakes | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Greek: χάρακας (chárakas)
- → Latin: characium
- →? Vulgar Latin: *characulum, *caraculum
- Translingual: Charax
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “χαράσσω (> ETYM)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1614-5
Further reading
[edit]- “χάραξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- χάραξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms borrowed from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the third declension
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the third declension
- Ancient Greek nouns with multiple genders
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