φθαρτός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From φθείρω (phtheírō, “to spoil, ruin”) +‎ -τός (-tós, adjectival suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰtʰar.tós/ → /ɸθarˈtos/ → /fθarˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰtʰar.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰtʰarˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸθarˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /fθarˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /fθarˈtos/

Adjective

φθᾰρτός • (phthartós) m (feminine φθᾰρτή, neuter φθᾰρτόν); first/second declension

1. destructible, perishable

Declension

First and second declension of φθᾰρτός; φθᾰρτή; φθᾰρτόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		φθᾰρτός phthartós	φθᾰρτή phthartḗ	φθᾰρτόν phthartón		φθᾰρτώ phthartṓ	φθᾰρτᾱ́ phthartā́	φθᾰρτώ phthartṓ		φθᾰρτοί phthartoí	φθᾰρταί phthartaí	φθᾰρτᾰ́ phthartá
Genitive		φθᾰρτοῦ phthartoû	φθᾰρτῆς phthartês	φθᾰρτοῦ phthartoû		φθᾰρτοῖν phthartoîn	φθᾰρταῖν phthartaîn	φθᾰρτοῖν phthartoîn		φθᾰρτῶν phthartôn	φθᾰρτῶν phthartôn	φθᾰρτῶν phthartôn
Dative		φθᾰρτῷ phthartôi	φθᾰρτῇ phthartêi	φθᾰρτῷ phthartôi		φθᾰρτοῖν phthartoîn	φθᾰρταῖν phthartaîn	φθᾰρτοῖν phthartoîn		φθᾰρτοῖς phthartoîs	φθᾰρταῖς phthartaîs	φθᾰρτοῖς phthartoîs
Accusative		φθᾰρτόν phthartón	φθᾰρτήν phthartḗn	φθᾰρτόν phthartón		φθᾰρτώ phthartṓ	φθᾰρτᾱ́ phthartā́	φθᾰρτώ phthartṓ		φθᾰρτούς phthartoús	φθᾰρτᾱ́ς phthartā́s	φθᾰρτᾰ́ phthartá
Vocative		φθᾰρτέ phtharté	φθᾰρτή phthartḗ	φθᾰρτόν phthartón		φθᾰρτώ phthartṓ	φθᾰρτᾱ́ phthartā́	φθᾰρτώ phthartṓ		φθᾰρτοί phthartoí	φθᾰρταί phthartaí	φθᾰρτᾰ́ phthartá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		φθᾰρτῶς phthartôs				φθᾰρτότερος phthartóteros				φθᾰρτότᾰτος phthartótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἄφθᾰρτος (áphthartos)
• φθᾰρσῐ́ᾱ (phtharsíā)
• φθᾰρτῐκός (phthartikós)

 

Further reading

• “φθαρτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “φθαρτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• φθαρτός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette