κόμη
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Not explained with certainty. The word may be taken as "well-tended hair", in opposition of θρίξ (thríx, “hair”), and connected with κομέω (koméō, “to take care of, tend”). Schwyzer considers it a back-formation from κομάω (komáō, “to let the hair grow long”), which could be a by-form of κομέω (koméō). However, since κομάω (komáō) is always connected with hair and is never used in a different sense of "to care", and growing long hair is likely considered the opposite of caring for it, the assumption is not very probable.[1] It has also been suggested as a Pre-Greek word with an element *ko- found in other branches of Indo-European and compared to Albanian qime (“thread of hair”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
The consonant choice in this word is also suggestive of a Semitic word, in Akkadian one has 𒋦 (qimmatum, “tuft of hair; mane, plume; crown, crest”), akin to Arabic قِمَّة (qimma, “crown, peak”), Amharic and Tigre ጋሜ (gamme, “a kind of straight haircut, clean-shaven save for a circumferential strip at the nethermost part”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kó.mɛː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈko.me̝/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈko.mi/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈko.mi/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈko.mi/
Noun
[edit]κόμη • (kómē) f (genitive κόμης); first declension
- (collectively) hair of the head
- Synonym: πλόκᾰμος (plókamos)
- gill or branchia of the cuttlefish
- (botany) foliage of trees
- (astronomy) luminous tail of a comet
Declension
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ κόμη hē kómē |
τὼ κόμᾱ tṑ kómā |
αἱ κόμαι hai kómai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς κόμης tês kómēs |
τοῖν κόμαιν toîn kómain |
τῶν κομῶν tôn komôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ κόμῃ têi kómēi |
τοῖν κόμαιν toîn kómain |
ταῖς κόμαις taîs kómais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν κόμην tḕn kómēn |
τὼ κόμᾱ tṑ kómā |
τᾱ̀ς κόμᾱς tā̀s kómās | ||||||||||
Vocative | κόμη kómē |
κόμᾱ kómā |
κόμαι kómai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Latin: coma (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κόμη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 743
Further reading
[edit]- “κόμη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κόμη”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κόμη”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κόμη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- κόμη in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- G2864 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies
- Ancient Greek terms borrowed from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Semitic languages
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Semitic languages
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns
- Ancient Greek first-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension
- Ancient Greek collective nouns
- grc:Botany
- grc:Astronomy
- grc:Hair
- grc:Animal body parts